Contraindications to IUD

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Correct Answer: C - Ectopic pregnancy Rationale: 1. IUDs do not prevent ectopic pregnancies. 2. IUD insertion increases the risk of ectopic pregnancy. 3. Ectopic pregnancy is a serious complication of IUD use. Summary of other choices: A: Young age - Age alone is not a contraindication. B: Nulliparity - Being nulliparous is not a contraindication. D: Abnormal uterine bleeding - It is a relative, not absolute contraindication.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: seminal vesicle. The ejaculatory duct is formed by the union of the vas deferens and the seminal vesicle. The seminal vesicle contributes seminal fluid that mixes with sperm from the vas deferens to form semen. The prostate gland surrounds the ejaculatory duct but does not directly join it. The ampulla is an enlarged portion of the vas deferens but does not directly connect to the ejaculatory duct. The urethra is the tube that carries urine and semen out of the body but is not part of the ejaculatory duct. Therefore, the correct answer is A because the seminal vesicle directly joins with the vas deferens to form the ejaculatory duct.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because increasing ICSH (Luteinizing Hormone) inhibits testosterone production by exerting negative feedback on the testes. ICSH stimulates Leydig cells in the testes to produce testosterone. When testosterone levels rise, it signals the pituitary gland to decrease ICSH secretion, thus inhibiting further testosterone production. A: Increasing FSH (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone) does not inhibit testosterone production. C: Decreasing ICSH would lead to reduced stimulation of Leydig cells and lower testosterone production. D: Decreasing FSH would not directly inhibit testosterone production as FSH primarily stimulates sperm production in the testes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: cervix. The cervix is the lower portion of the uterus that protrudes into the vaginal canal. It is located at the superior region of the vagina. The vaginal orifice (A) refers to the opening of the vagina, not the superior region. The hymen (C) is a thin membrane that partially covers the vaginal opening and is not related to the superior region. Vaginal rugae (D) are the ridges or folds in the vaginal wall that allow for expansion, which are not specific to the superior region.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: estrogen. Estrogen is produced throughout the menstrual cycle by the ovaries. It plays a key role in regulating the menstrual cycle, promoting the growth of the uterine lining, and preparing the body for ovulation. FSH and LH are involved in stimulating the ovaries to produce estrogen and progesterone, respectively. Progesterone is mainly produced in the second half of the menstrual cycle, after ovulation, to support pregnancy. Therefore, estrogen is the hormone that is produced consistently throughout the menstrual cycle, making it the correct answer.