Considering the many criteria for good mental health, the nursing student has been instructed to list four of these criteria. The student's list consists of the following: (1) an appropriate perception of reality, (2) the ability to accept oneself, (3) the ability to establish relationships, and (4) a need for detachment and the desire for privacy. How would the nurse evaluate the nursing student's list?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because three out of the four criteria listed by the student are correct. (1) an appropriate perception of reality, (2) the ability to accept oneself, and (3) the ability to establish relationships are indeed important criteria for good mental health. However, (4) a need for detachment and the desire for privacy is not typically considered a criteria for good mental health. It is important to emphasize that maintaining healthy boundaries and privacy is essential, but it is not a defining criteria for good mental health. Therefore, the student's list is good but not perfect.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because the individual demonstrates resilience by adapting to the loss of a permanent job through taking a temporary job to maintain financial stability. This shows resilience as they are actively seeking solutions to overcome adversity. A is incorrect as repressing stressors is not a healthy coping mechanism for resilience. B is incorrect as becoming depressed after the death of a spouse indicates a lack of resilience in handling the emotional stress. C is incorrect as living in a shelter for 2 years after a fire is a challenging situation, but it does not necessarily demonstrate the same level of adaptation and proactive approach to adversity as taking a temporary job for financial stability.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Direct confrontation to solve problems. This Western cultural feature may result in establishing unrealistic outcomes for patients of other cultural groups because direct confrontation may be perceived as aggressive or disrespectful in many cultures. Patients from these cultural groups may prefer indirect communication or conflict resolution methods. Therefore, using direct confrontation could lead to misunderstandings, resistance, or lack of cooperation from patients. A: Interdependence is a common cultural value in many cultures and does not necessarily lead to unrealistic outcomes for patients of other cultural groups. B: Present orientation is a temporal orientation and does not directly impact outcomes for patients from other cultural groups. C: Flexible perception of time may differ across cultures but does not inherently lead to unrealistic outcomes for patients of other cultural groups.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Giving advice can create dependency on the advisor. 2. It may hinder the individual's ability to think for themselves. 3. Encouraging self-reliance and problem-solving is more effective. 4. Therefore, giving advice is rarely helpful in promoting independence and personal growth. Summary of other choices: B. Fostering independence would involve guiding individuals to make their own decisions. C. Lifting the burden of decision-making could lead to reliance on external opinions rather than self-reflection. D. Developing feelings of personal adequacy is better achieved through self-discovery and empowerment rather than being told what to do.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, Establishment of the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), as a result of the National Mental Health Act. This is because the National Mental Health Act of 1946 led to the creation of NIMH in 1949. NIMH is dedicated to research on mental illnesses and disorders, promoting mental health, and providing resources for mental health professionals and the public. Choice A, Discovery of psychopharmacology, is incorrect as it is not a direct result of the National Mental Health Act. Choice B, Passage of the Hill-Burton Act, is also incorrect as it focused on improving hospital facilities, not specifically mental health care. Choice D, Development of community mental health centers, is incorrect as it was a result of the Community Mental Health Centers Act of 1963, not the National Mental Health Act.