ATI RN
Pharmacology of Drugs Acting on Cardiovascular System Slideshare Questions
Question 1 of 5
Consider these three drugs: divalproex (Depakote), carbamazepine (Tegretol), gabapentin (Neurontin). Which drug also belongs with this group?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: lamotrigine (Lamictal). Step-by-step rationale: 1. Divalproex, carbamazepine, and gabapentin are all anticonvulsant medications commonly used to treat seizures and mood disorders. 2. Lamotrigine also belongs to this group as it is an anticonvulsant used for epilepsy and bipolar disorder. 3. Clonazepam is a benzodiazepine used for anxiety and seizures, not in the same class as the other drugs. 4. Risperidone and aripiprazole are antipsychotic medications used for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, not in the same class as the other drugs.
Question 2 of 5
A patient has disorganized thinking associated with schizophreni Neuroimaging would most likely show dysfunction in which part of the brain?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Frontal lobe. In schizophrenia, disorganized thinking is often linked to dysfunction in the frontal lobe. This area of the brain is responsible for cognitive functions like decision-making, problem-solving, and reasoning, which can be impaired in schizophrenia. The hippocampus (A) is involved in memory formation, not specifically related to disorganized thinking in schizophrenia. The cerebellum (C) is responsible for coordination and balance, not cognitive functions. The brainstem (D) is crucial for basic life functions like breathing and heart rate, not associated with disorganized thinking in schizophrenia.
Question 3 of 5
A patient taking a benzodiazepine says to the nurse, “I really like this pill because if I just take an extra one when I get really anxious, I always feel a lot better.” What is the nurse’s best response?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because it acknowledges the patient's behavior, educates them on proper medication usage, and reinforces the importance of coping measures. By reviewing the medication usage and suggesting coping strategies, the nurse promotes patient education and empowerment. Choice A is incorrect as it immediately suggests changing medication without addressing the patient's misuse behavior. Choice C uses accusatory language and may lead to patient defensiveness. Choice D is not as effective as B in educating the patient on proper medication use and coping strategies.
Question 4 of 5
A 78-year-old patient is in the recovery room after having a lengthy surgery on his hip. As he is gradually awakening, he requests pain medication. Within 10 minutes after receiving a dose of morphine sulfate, he is very lethargic and his respirations are shallow, with a rate of 7 per minute. The nurse prepares for which priority action at this time?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Administration of naloxone (Narcan). Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that can reverse the effects of opioids such as morphine, particularly in cases of opioid overdose leading to respiratory depression. In this scenario, the patient is showing signs of opioid toxicity, such as shallow respirations, which can progress to respiratory arrest. Administering naloxone is the priority to reverse the opioid effects and restore normal respiratory function. This intervention takes precedence over other actions such as pain assessment (choice A), intubation (choice B), or close observation for tolerance (choice D) because the patient's safety and well-being are at immediate risk due to respiratory depression.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is reviewing medications used for depression. Which of these statements is a reason that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are more widely prescribed today than tricyclic antidepressants?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Tricyclic antidepressants cause serious cardiac dysrhythmias if an overdose occurs. Tricyclic antidepressants have a narrow therapeutic index, meaning that even a small overdose can lead to severe toxicity, including cardiac dysrhythmias that can be life-threatening. This risk of overdose toxicity is a significant concern with tricyclic antidepressants and contributes to their decreased use compared to SSRIs. A: SSRIs having fewer sexual side effects is not the primary reason for their wider use compared to tricyclic antidepressants. While this may be a consideration for some patients, it is not the main factor influencing prescribing patterns. B: Drug-food interactions are indeed a concern with tricyclic antidepressants, but it is not the primary reason why SSRIs are more widely prescribed today. While SSRIs may have a lower risk of drug-food interactions, it is not the main driving factor behind their increased use. D: While SSRIs may have