ATI RN
NCLEX Questions on Gastrointestinal Disorders Questions
Question 1 of 5
Concerning the acid secretion of the stomach:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: it is the function of parietal cells of the stomach. Parietal cells secrete hydrochloric acid in the stomach to aid in digestion. Chief cells are responsible for producing pepsinogen, not acid. Gastrin secretion actually stimulates acid secretion rather than inhibiting it, making choice C incorrect. Acetylcholine (Ach) also stimulates acid secretion, so choice D is incorrect. Parietal cells are the primary cells responsible for acid secretion in the stomach, making choice B the correct answer.
Question 2 of 5
The role of Chief cell is to:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rationale: The Chief cell secretes pepsinogen, which is the inactive precursor of pepsin. Pepsinogen is later activated to pepsin by the acidic pH in the stomach. This process is essential for protein digestion. The other choices are incorrect because: A) Hydrogen and chloride ion secretion is mainly done by parietal cells, B) Pepsin is not secreted by Chief cells, and C) Gastrin is secreted by G cells, not Chief cells. Therefore, the correct answer is D.
Question 3 of 5
Where does the absorption of most nutrients, including amino acids and fatty acids, primarily occur in the digestive system?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Small intestine. The small intestine is where most of the absorption of nutrients, such as amino acids and fatty acids, occurs. This is because the small intestine contains villi and microvilli, which increase the surface area for absorption. Additionally, the small intestine secretes enzymes and bile to break down nutrients into smaller molecules for absorption. The stomach primarily aids in digestion, the large intestine absorbs water and electrolytes, and the esophagus is a passageway for food to reach the stomach.
Question 4 of 5
A patient is being admitted for bariatric surgery. Which nursing action can the nurse delegate to unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because planning methods for turning the patient after surgery is a task that can be safely delegated to unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP). This task does not require specialized nursing knowledge or assessment skills. The nurse can provide clear instructions and guidelines for turning the patient to prevent complications such as pressure ulcers. Choices A, C, and D involve tasks that require specialized nursing knowledge and skills. Demonstrating the use of the incentive spirometer (A) requires knowledge of respiratory care, assisting with IV insertion (C) involves aseptic technique and assessment skills, and developing strategies to provide privacy (D) involves patient-centered care and communication skills.
Question 5 of 5
A patient who has gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is experiencing increasing discomfort. Which patient statement to the nurse indicates that additional teaching about GERD is needed?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because having a bedtime snack can worsen GERD symptoms by increasing stomach acid production. Eating close to bedtime can also lead to reflux when lying down. A patient with GERD should avoid eating 2-3 hours before bedtime. Choices A, C, and D demonstrate good practices for managing GERD by avoiding triggers like smoking, taking antacids as prescribed, and elevating the head of the bed to prevent reflux.