Concerning acute bronchiolitis, all of the following are true except:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Premature infants are at higher risk for severe bronchiolitis due to immature lungs and weaker immunity. RSV is the leading cause, and treatment may include ribavirin for immunocompromised patients.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Primary ciliary dyskinesia is associated with nasal polyps and recurrent respiratory infections.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Tetralogy of Fallot is a congenital heart defect that affects the flow of blood through the heart. In this condition, there is decreased pulmonary blood flow leading to reduced oxygenation of the blood. To compensate for the low oxygen levels in the blood, the body may increase the production of red blood cells, resulting in polycythemia (an increased red blood cell count). This is the body's way of trying to ensure that enough oxygen is carried to the tissues despite the heart defect. Therefore, in a 5-month-old infant with tetralogy of Fallot, the nurse would expect the blood workup to show polycythemia.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Tentorial herniation leads to compression of cranial nerve III, causing a fixed, dilated pupil on the affected side due to unopposed sympathetic activity.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Separation anxiety disorder is characterized by excessive distress when away from a parent and avoidance behaviors, often triggered by major life changes.