ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Cardiovascular Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
Common side effects to anti-arrhythmic drugs include the following: Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A (Nausea and vomiting) Rationale: Anti-arrhythmic drugs can affect the gastrointestinal system, leading to nausea and vomiting as common side effects. This is due to the drug's impact on the digestive tract and its receptors. Hypotension (choice B) is not a common side effect of anti-arrhythmic drugs as they are more likely to cause cardiac effects. Pro-arrhythmic effect (choice C) is a potential risk of anti-arrhythmic drugs but not a common side effect. Constipation (choice D) is not typically associated with anti-arrhythmic drugs, as they are more likely to affect the heart and not the digestive system.
Question 2 of 5
The client is taking IV heparin. The nurse will want to look out for what adverse reaction of the drug?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Thrombocytopenia. IV heparin can cause a decrease in platelet count, leading to thrombocytopenia. This adverse reaction can result in an increased risk of bleeding. The nurse should monitor the client's platelet count regularly. Pulmonary embolism (A) and deep vein thrombosis (B) are conditions that heparin is used to prevent and treat, not adverse reactions of the drug. Neutropenia (D) is a decrease in neutrophils, not typically associated with heparin therapy.
Question 3 of 5
The client is being given Pradaxa (dabigatran). The nurse knows that the mechanism of action of this drug is what?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: It directly inhibits thrombin. Dabigatran (Pradaxa) is a direct thrombin inhibitor, preventing the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin, thereby inhibiting the clotting cascade. This mechanism differs from antiplatelet drugs (A) that inhibit platelet aggregation, fibrinolytic medications (C) that dissolve existing clots, and drugs that interfere with clotting factors production (D) which is not the mechanism of action for dabigatran. By directly inhibiting thrombin, dabigatran has a more specific and targeted effect on the clotting process.
Question 4 of 5
The client is on streptokinase for a blood clot. What adverse reaction should the nurse be looking out for?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Antibody production against the streptokinase. Streptokinase is a foreign protein that the body may recognize as an antigen, leading to the production of antibodies. This can result in an allergic reaction or anaphylaxis. Pulmonary embolism (A) and acute myocardial infarction (B) are potential complications of a blood clot but not directly related to streptokinase use. Acute gastric irritation (D) is not a common adverse reaction to streptokinase.
Question 5 of 5
The client has been started on Zetia (exetimibe). The nurse knows that the mechanism of action of this drug is what?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: It inhibits absorption of cholesterol in the small intestines. Zetia works by blocking the absorption of cholesterol in the small intestines, reducing the amount of cholesterol that enters the bloodstream. This mechanism helps lower LDL cholesterol levels. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because Zetia does not affect cholesterol synthesis by the liver, increase LDL cholesterol production, or alter the ratio of HDL to LDL cholesterol.