ATI RN
Genitourinary System Assessment Questions
Question 1 of 5
Combivir is a combination therapy used to treat HIV and AIDS include which * of the following drugs?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Lamivudine and zidovudine. Combivir is a combination therapy that consists of these two drugs. Lamivudine and zidovudine work together to inhibit the replication of the HIV virus. Lamivudine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, while zidovudine is a nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Both drugs target different stages of the HIV life cycle, making them effective when used in combination. Choice A (Lamivudine and stavudine) is incorrect because stavudine is not part of the Combivir combination therapy. Choice C (Abacavir and zidovudine) is incorrect because abacavir is not included in Combivir. Choice D (Abacavir and stavudine) is incorrect because stavudine is not part of the Combivir combination therapy.
Question 2 of 5
Which one of the following bactericidal antimycobacterial drugs binds to S12 * ribosomal subunit inhibiting protein synthesis when injectable drug is needed and also effective against drug-resistant tuberculosis drug, can cause ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Streptomycin. Streptomycin binds to the S12 ribosomal subunit, inhibiting protein synthesis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is effective against drug-resistant tuberculosis and is used as an injectable drug. Streptomycin can cause ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity as side effects. Choice B: Ethambutol primarily inhibits cell wall synthesis and can cause optic neuritis. Choice C: Isoniazid inhibits mycolic acid synthesis and can cause hepatotoxicity. Choice D: Rifampicin inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase and can cause hepatotoxicity and drug interactions.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following antifungal agent act as fungicidal by inhibiting the * synthesis of β1,3 glucan used for the disseminated mucocutaneous Candida infections?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: Caspofungin is a echinocandin antifungal that inhibits the synthesis of β1,3 glucan in the fungal cell wall, leading to cell death. This mechanism makes it fungicidal against Candida infections. Amphotericin B disrupts fungal cell membranes, while Flucytosine interferes with DNA/RNA synthesis. Ketoconazole inhibits ergosterol synthesis. Therefore, A is correct as it targets the specific mechanism for Candida infections.
Question 4 of 5
A 75 year old male with BPH has continues to have urinary symptoms of * prostatic obstruction after trial of alpha blocking drug tamsulosin . Dutasteride is added to his therapy,he is also taking hydrochlorothiazide sildenafil and
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Sildenafil. Dutasteride and sildenafil are both metabolized by the same enzymes in the liver, specifically CYP3A4 and CYP2C9. When taken together, sildenafil can increase the blood levels of dutasteride, leading to a higher risk of side effects. Tamsulosin (choice B) is commonly used in combination with dutasteride for BPH without significant interactions. Testosterone (choice C) is not typically used in BPH treatment and does not interact significantly with dutasteride. Therefore, the potential interaction between dutasteride and sildenafil is the reason why choice D is correct.
Question 5 of 5
A patient with severe infectious disease is being treated with aminoglycoside * antibiotics. Which of the following diuretic should be avoided for this patient because of the serious side effect shared by both drugs?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Furosemide. Aminoglycoside antibiotics can cause ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Furosemide, a loop diuretic, also has the potential to cause ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity, leading to a serious side effect when combined with aminoglycosides. On the other hand, choices B, C, and D (Hydrochlorothiazide, Spironolactone, and Acetazolamide) do not share the same serious side effects with aminoglycosides. Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic that acts on the distal convoluted tubule, Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic that acts on the collecting duct, and Acetazolamide is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor diuretic that works in the proximal tubule. Therefore, Furosemide should