Codeine sulfate is prescribed to a client with a severe back pain. Which of the following side effect is associated with this medication?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Codeine sulfate is an opioid medication commonly used to relieve pain. However, one of the most common side effects associated with the use of opioids like codeine is constipation. Opioids slow down gastrointestinal motility, leading to constipation in many patients. It is important for healthcare providers to educate patients about this side effect and recommend measures to prevent or manage constipation, such as increasing fluid and fiber intake, exercise, and in some cases, the use of stool softeners or laxatives.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A severe adverse effect of iron is the development of iron toxicity, which can lead to symptoms such as seizures. Iron toxicity can occur when there is an excessive accumulation of iron in the body, usually from overdose or prolonged use of iron supplements. Symptoms of iron toxicity can range from mild to severe, with seizures being a serious and potentially life-threatening complication. It is important to seek medical help immediately if symptoms of iron toxicity, including seizures, occur.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Ondansetron is a medication commonly used to prevent and treat nausea and vomiting, particularly in patients undergoing chemotherapy or surgery. It belongs to a class of drugs known as antiemetics, which work by blocking serotonin, a neurotransmitter that can trigger nausea and vomiting. By inhibiting the effects of serotonin, ondansetron helps to reduce the incidence and severity of these symptoms, providing a therapeutic effect for individuals experiencing nausea and vomiting.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Local anesthetic drugs typically contain an aromatic residue linked to an amine group, giving them a weak base property. They are usually soluble in water when converted into soluble salts, most commonly in the form of hydrochlorides. Additionally, local anesthetics are classified based on their chemical structure, with the key component being an ester or amide linkage. Therefore, choice D, which suggests an acidic group in the structure of a local anesthetic drug, is not accurate.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: H1 receptor antagonists, also known as antihistamines, primarily work by blocking the effects of histamine in the body. Histamine is involved in allergic reactions, itching, and motion sickness. Therefore, H1 receptor antagonists are commonly used for the treatment of allergic reactions, relief of itching, and prophylaxis of motion sickness. They are also sometimes used for the common cold to alleviate symptoms such as runny nose and sneezing. However, H1 receptor antagonists are not typically used as the main treatment for asthma, as they are not as effective in addressing the underlying inflammation and bronchoconstriction that occur in asthma. Asthma is usually managed with medications such as bronchodilators and corticosteroids that target the specific inflammatory pathways involved in asthma.