ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Question 1 of 5
Codeine sulfate is prescribed to a client with a severe back pain. Which of the following side effect is associated with this medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Codeine sulfate is an opioid medication commonly used to relieve pain. However, one of the most common side effects associated with the use of opioids like codeine is constipation. Opioids slow down gastrointestinal motility, leading to constipation in many patients. It is important for healthcare providers to educate patients about this side effect and recommend measures to prevent or manage constipation, such as increasing fluid and fiber intake, exercise, and in some cases, the use of stool softeners or laxatives.
Question 2 of 5
The patient has been prescribed dextromethorphan (Delsym). What medication information should the nurse provide?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Dextromethorphan suppresses cough but with alcohol or overdose can cause CNS effects like slurred speech . Smoking isn't directly relevant. It acts within 15-30 minutes, not an hour . Choice D instructs on recognizing toxicity, ensuring safety and prompt reporting.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse routinely includes health teaching about vitamins to patients. Vitamin D has a major role in which process?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Vitamin D regulates calcium and phosphorus metabolism, promoting bone health by enhancing intestinal absorption of these minerals. Night blindness (A) is associated with vitamin A deficiency. Growth and development (C) are influenced by multiple vitamins, not just vitamin D. DNA and prothrombin synthesis (D) are unrelated to vitamin D.
Question 4 of 5
A 17-year-old man presents to the emergency department with a persistent cough and nasal congestion. He has been taking various prescription cough and cold medicines but did not know their names. A urine drug screen is positive for amphetamines. When confronted with this information, he vehemently denies amphetamine use. What is the best explanation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Positive amphetamine screen with cough/cold medicine use suggests a false positive from ephedrine . Ephedrine, in decongestants, cross-reacts with amphetamine assays. Codeine and marijuana don't. Lying or sample mix-up (E) are less likely given his denial and context. This common false positive explains the discrepancy.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse will monitor for myopathy (muscle pain) when a patient is taking which class of antilipemic drugs?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, also known as statins, are a class of antilipemic drugs commonly prescribed to lower cholesterol levels. One side effect associated with statin use is myopathy, which manifests as muscle pain, tenderness, or weakness. In severe cases, myopathy can progress to rhabdomyolysis, a condition characterized by muscle breakdown and release of muscle fiber contents into the blood, potentially leading to kidney damage. It is essential for healthcare providers, such as nurses, to monitor patients on statin therapy for signs and symptoms of myopathy to intervene promptly if necessary. Niacin, fibric acid derivatives, and bile acid sequestrants are not typically associated with myopathy as a common side effect.