ATI RN
Gastrointestinal Nursing Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Cimetidine and a calcium-containing antacid preparation administered in an appropriate dosage regimen for treating peptic ulcer differ in that:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because only the calcium-containing antacid may increase gastric acid secretion. This is because calcium-containing antacids can stimulate the release of gastrin, which in turn increases gastric acid secretion. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because cimetidine, not a calcium-containing antacid, is the one that can cause an increase in urinary pH, produce a laxative effect, and prevent the rise in gastric pH after a meal, respectively. Therefore, A is the only statement that accurately distinguishes between cimetidine and a calcium-containing antacid in the context of treating peptic ulcers.
Question 2 of 5
What condition should the nurse anticipate when caring for a patient with a history of a total gastrectomy?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Cobalamin (vitamin B12) deficiency. After a total gastrectomy, the patient lacks the intrinsic factor needed for vitamin B12 absorption in the ileum, leading to deficiency. This can result in megaloblastic anemia, neurological symptoms, and fatigue. A: Constipation is not typically associated with total gastrectomy. B: Dehydration may occur postoperatively but is not a specific consequence of total gastrectomy. C: Elevated total serum cholesterol is not a direct effect of total gastrectomy.
Question 3 of 5
A 25-yr-old male patient calls the clinic reporting diarrhea for 24 hours. Which action should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because asking the patient to describe the stools and associated symptoms helps the nurse gather important information for assessment. Understanding the frequency, consistency, color, and presence of blood in the stools can help determine the severity and potential causes of diarrhea. This information guides the nurse in deciding the appropriate next steps for care. Option A is incorrect as testing should be based on assessment findings. Option C is premature without assessing the patient first. Option B lacks relevance to the assessment process.
Question 4 of 5
The _____ nervous system division usually stimulates and promotes digestion.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: parasympathetic. The parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for rest and digest functions, including stimulating digestion. It slows heart rate, increases intestinal activity, and promotes the secretion of digestive enzymes. The somatic nervous system (A) controls voluntary movements, the sympathetic nervous system (B) is responsible for the fight or flight response, and the central nervous system (C) consists of the brain and spinal cord, serving as the main control center of the body.
Question 5 of 5
Proteins are split by all of the following pancreatic factors except which one?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: zymogen. Zymogen is an inactive precursor form of an enzyme that is converted to its active form by certain conditions, such as pH or other enzymes. In contrast, chymotrypsin, trypsin, and carboxypeptidase are all pancreatic enzymes directly involved in the breakdown of proteins. Therefore, zymogen does not directly split proteins, making it the exception among the pancreatic factors listed.