Churns chyme and has an environment of pH2; holds 4-6 cups of food:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The stomach churns food into chyme and has a highly acidic environment (pH 2) to aid in the digestion of proteins and other nutrients.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Sodium restriction is crucial in heart failure management to prevent fluid retention, which can worsen symptoms of heart failure.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) suggests that 45-65% of total daily calories should come from carbohydrates.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Digestible carbohydrates are absorbed as monosaccharides (simple sugars) like glucose, which the liver can release into the bloodstream for energy.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Pre-packaged meals often contain high levels of sodium, which can contribute to hypertension and other health issues when consumed in excess.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: oxidative stress from sunlight. Oxidative stress caused by exposure to sunlight is a significant risk factor for age-related macular degeneration. This condition can result in vision loss among older individuals. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Iron-deficiency anemia, decreased intake of phytochemicals, and vitamin B6 malabsorption are not established risk factors for age-related macular degeneration.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. The goal of reflective listening is to keep the patient talking, allowing them to express their thoughts and concerns fully. Choice A, 'Repeating what the patient says,' is incorrect as reflective listening involves paraphrasing or summarizing rather than verbatim repetition. Choice B, 'Informing using direct advice,' is incorrect because reflective listening focuses on understanding the patient's perspective rather than providing direct advice. Choice D, 'Warning the patient,' is also incorrect as reflective listening aims to create a safe and open environment for the patient to share without feeling judged or warned.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Bulimia. Bulimia involves repeated episodes of binge eating followed by purging, which can lead to the erosion of lingual enamel, enlarged parotid glands, palatal bruising, and dentinal hypersensitivity. This behavior exposes the teeth to stomach acid during purging, causing damage to the enamel. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because these conditions are not typically associated with the specific oral health issues mentioned in the question.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Furosemide is a diuretic that helps mobilize fluids by increasing urine output, often used to treat conditions like edema and heart failure.