Choose the unwanted effects of clonidine:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step 1: Clonidine is a centrally acting alpha-2 adrenergic agonist. Step 2: Sedative and hypnotic effects are common side effects of clonidine due to its action on the central nervous system. Step 3: Parkinson’s syndrome (Choice A) is not an unwanted effect of clonidine. Step 4: Agranulocytosis and aplastic anemia (Choice C) are rare but serious adverse effects, not typically associated with clonidine. Step 5: Dry cough and respiratory depression (Choice D) are not common side effects of clonidine. Step 6: Therefore, the correct answer is B, as sedative and hypnotic effects are expected with clonidine use, making them unwanted effects.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Certainly! Glucagon can be used in severe hyperglycemia because it stimulates the liver to release glucose into the bloodstream, helping to lower blood sugar levels. In contrast, using glucagon for severe hypoglycemia can worsen the condition by further decreasing blood sugar levels. It is not typically used for endocrine diagnosis or beta-blocker poisoning as there are more effective treatments available for these situations.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Piroxicam. Piroxicam is a nonselective COX inhibitor because it inhibits both COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes. This makes it effective for reducing inflammation by blocking prostaglandin synthesis. Rofecoxib (B) is a selective COX-2 inhibitor, while Celecoxib (C) is also a selective COX-2 inhibitor. Therefore, choices B and C are incorrect. Choice D is incorrect as well because not all listed NSAIDs are nonselective COX inhibitors.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Immunosuppressive agents. Sirolimus belongs to the class of immunosuppressive agents because it inhibits the activity of T-lymphocytes and prevents rejection of transplanted organs. It does not belong to the classes of A: Immunoglobulins, B: Interferons, or D: Monoclonal antibodies, as these are not mechanisms of action associated with sirolimus. Immunoglobulins are antibodies, interferons are signaling proteins, and monoclonal antibodies are targeted therapies. Therefore, the most appropriate classification for sirolimus is as an immunosuppressive agent.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Vitamin BC, also known as folic acid. Folic acid improves megaloblastic anemia by aiding in DNA synthesis. It does not protect against neurological manifestations of pernicious anemia because those are primarily caused by Vitamin B12 deficiency. Vitamin B12 is needed for nerve function and myelin synthesis. Vitamin PP refers to niacin, which is not directly related to these types of anemia. Vitamin D is important for bone health but is not directly involved in the treatment of megaloblastic anemia or pernicious anemia.