ATI RN
Nursing Process Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Choose the condition that exhibits blood values with a low pH and a high PCO :
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A: Respiratory acidosis Rationale: 1. Respiratory acidosis is caused by inadequate ventilation leading to increased PCO₂ and decreased pH. 2. Low pH indicates acidosis, and high PCO₂ indicates respiratory component. 3. Metabolic acidosis (B) results from non-respiratory causes. 4. Respiratory alkalosis (C) is characterized by high pH and low PCO₂. 5. Metabolic alkalosis (D) is caused by non-respiratory factors with high pH.
Question 2 of 5
Which patient should be monitored most closely for dehydration?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, the 50-year-old with an ileostomy, should be monitored most closely for dehydration. Patients with an ileostomy have a higher risk of dehydration due to increased fluid loss through the stoma. Monitoring their fluid intake, output, electrolyte levels, and signs of dehydration is crucial to prevent complications. The other choices are less likely to experience severe dehydration compared to the patient with an ileostomy. The 72-year-old with diabetes mellitus may be at risk for dehydration, but it is not as high a risk as the patient with an ileostomy. The 19-year-old with chronic asthma and the 28-year-old with a broken femur are not as directly related to dehydration compared to the patient with an ileostomy.
Question 3 of 5
A patient has orders to receive 1 L (1000 mL) of 5% dextrose and lactated Ringer’s solution to be infused over 8 hours. How many millilitres will be infused per hour?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 125 mL/h. To calculate the infusion rate per hour, we divide the total volume (1000 mL) by the total time in hours (8 hours). 1000 mL / 8 hours = 125 mL/h. This ensures a consistent and accurate infusion rate throughout the 8-hour period. Choice A (80 mL/h) is incorrect because it underestimates the infusion rate. Choice B (100 mL/h) is incorrect because it does not divide the total volume by the total time correctly. Choice D (150 mL/h) is incorrect because it overestimates the infusion rate.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following explanations by the nurse will help a patient understand what to expect during a bronchoscopy?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it accurately describes the procedure of bronchoscopy. The nurse's explanation should focus on the insertion of a small tube through the nose or mouth into the bronchi to visualize the airways. This information helps the patient understand the basic process and what to expect during the procedure. Choice B is incorrect as bronchoscopy does not involve breathing a radioactive substance to show diseased areas in the lungs. Choice C is also incorrect as there is no requirement to drink a thick white liquid for bronchoscopy. Choice D is incorrect as dye injection is not a standard part of bronchoscopy, and asking about allergies to dye is irrelevant in this context.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the ff factors predisposes a client to the development of TB?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Malnutrition. Malnutrition weakens the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to contracting tuberculosis. A well-nourished individual has a stronger immune response to fight off TB bacteria. Exposure to toxic gases (A), congenital abnormalities (B), and obstruction by tumor (C) do not directly predispose a client to TB. Malnutrition is the key factor as it impairs the immune system's ability to combat the TB bacteria effectively.