ATI RN
Endocrine System Pediatric Questions
Question 1 of 5
Children with growth hormone deficiency are best characterized by all of the following EXCEPT
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: GH deficiency typically presents with normal birth weight; growth failure occurs postnatally.
Question 2 of 5
The evaluation of the child in the previous question is best accomplished by determining
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Serum TSH is the most sensitive test for diagnosing hypothyroidism, elevated in primary cases.
Question 3 of 5
A 6-year-old has a chronic rash involving all of the nails of the fingers and toes. Last year she had a seizure and was noted to have a low serum ionized calcium. Currently she has weakness and hypotension, and she presents with a hypoglycemic seizure. The most likely diagnosis causing this seizure is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Addison disease causes hypoglycemia, hypotension, and weakness due to adrenal insufficiency, fitting this presentation.
Question 4 of 5
Hyperkalemia in severe diabetic ketoacidosis is due to
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Acidosis in DKA shifts potassium extracellularly, causing hyperkalemia despite total body depletion.
Question 5 of 5
In DKA, electrolyte abnormalities occurs secondary to hyperglycemia and acidosis. Which of the following electrolytes is artificially measured low in DKA?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sodium is artificially low in DKA due to hyperglycemia causing osmotic shifts of water into the extracellular space, diluting serum sodium. Potassium (A) may appear high or normal despite total body depletion, while phosphorus (C), calcium (D), and bicarbonate (E) are not typically artifactual.