ATI RN
Multiple Choice Questions Endocrine System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Chemical signals that affect the behavior of other glands and tissues are _____.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: hormones. Hormones are chemical signals produced by glands that travel through the bloodstream to affect the behavior of other glands and tissues. Enzymes (choice A) are catalysts for chemical reactions, not signaling molecules. Carbohydrates (choice C) are energy sources and structural components, not signaling molecules. Metabolites (choice D) are the byproducts of metabolism, not signaling molecules. Hormones are specifically designed to regulate physiological processes in the body by acting on target cells, making them the most fitting choice among the options provided.
Question 2 of 5
What gland requires iodine in order to produce its hormones?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Thyroid gland. The thyroid gland requires iodine to produce its hormones, such as thyroxine and triiodothyronine, which are essential for regulating metabolism, growth, and development. Iodine is a crucial component of these thyroid hormones. The other choices (A: Adrenal cortex, B: Pancreas, C: Parathyroid glands) do not require iodine for hormone production and are not involved in the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Therefore, the correct answer is the thyroid gland because it specifically relies on iodine for hormone synthesis, making it the only gland in the list that fits this criteria.
Question 3 of 5
The main mineralocorticoid produced by the adrenal cortex is _____.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: aldosterone. Aldosterone is the main mineralocorticoid produced by the adrenal cortex, responsible for regulating electrolyte balance and blood pressure. It acts on the kidneys to increase sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion. Cortisol (A) is a glucocorticoid, not a mineralocorticoid. Glucagon (B) is a hormone produced by the pancreas that raises blood glucose levels. Epinephrine (C) is a hormone produced by the adrenal medulla involved in the fight-or-flight response, not a mineralocorticoid. Therefore, the correct answer is aldosterone (D) due to its specific role in mineral balance regulation.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following is true of female sex hormones?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because estrogen is indeed necessary for the maturation of the ovum. Estrogen promotes the development and release of the egg from the ovary during the menstrual cycle. This hormone is crucial for the growth of the follicles in the ovary and prepares the uterus for potential pregnancy. Rationale: A: Progesterone is responsible for maintaining the uterine lining during pregnancy, not for female secondary sex characteristics. C: Estrogen plays a significant role in breast development, so this statement is incorrect. D: Progesterone helps to prepare the uterus for pregnancy by promoting the growth of the uterine lining, not the uterus itself.
Question 5 of 5
This Hormone is Not Secreted by Hypothalamus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct Answer: B (FSH) Rationale: 1. FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland, not the hypothalamus. 2. PRH (Prolactin Releasing Hormone), CRH (Corticotropin Releasing Hormone), and TRH (Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone) are all hormones secreted by the hypothalamus, involved in regulating pituitary hormone release. 3. Therefore, FSH is the correct answer as it is not directly secreted by the hypothalamus. Summary: - FSH is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland, not the hypothalamus. - PRH, CRH, and TRH are hormones secreted by the hypothalamus. - Understanding the origin of each hormone helps in determining the correct answer.