Characteristics of cordiamine include all of the following EXCEPT:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because cordiamine does not decrease aortic and coronary flow; instead, it actually increases coronary flow. Cordiamine stimulates the CNS, facilitates movement coordination, acts as a respiratory analeptic, and counteracts central depression from other drugs. Choice A is incorrect as cordiamine does stimulate the CNS and facilitates movement coordination. Choice B is incorrect as cordiamine is indeed a respiratory analeptic of mixed action. Choice D is incorrect as cordiamine does counteract central depression from other drugs like barbiturates.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Aethylmorphine hydrochloride. Antitussives of narcotic type act on the cough center in the brain to suppress cough reflex. Aethylmorphine is an opioid derivative that exerts its antitussive effect centrally. Glaucine hydrochloride (A) is a non-narcotic antitussive derived from plants. Tusuprex (C) is a non-narcotic antitussive that acts peripherally. Libexine (D) is an antihistamine, not an antitussive.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because stimulant purgatives work by increasing motility and secretion in the intestines. This leads to enhanced peristalsis, resulting in the expulsion of fecal matter. Choice A is incorrect as stimulant purgatives do not directly affect the volume of non-absorbable solid residue. Choice C is incorrect as altering fecal consistency is not the primary mechanism of stimulant purgatives. Choice D is incorrect as stimulant purgatives primarily work by increasing motility and secretion, not the water content in the intestines.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step 1: Digoxin inhibits the sodium-potassium pump, leading to an increase in intracellular sodium. Step 2: Increased intracellular sodium levels reduce the activity of the sodium-calcium exchanger. Step 3: Slowing down the sodium-calcium exchanger causes an increase in intracellular calcium levels in myocardial cells. Step 4: Therefore, the statement that digoxin increases intracellular calcium concentrations by slowing the action of the sodium-calcium exchanger is TRUE. Summary: Choice A is correct because it accurately describes the mechanism by which digoxin increases intracellular calcium levels. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not accurately represent the relationship between digoxin and intracellular calcium levels.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 10-30 minutes. Nitroglycerin is rapidly absorbed sublingually and has a short duration of action due to rapid metabolism. This short duration is crucial for managing acute conditions like angina. Choice B (6-8 hours) is incorrect because sublingual nitroglycerin does not have such an extended duration of action. Choice C (3-5 minutes) is too short as the effects of nitroglycerin last longer. Choice D (1.5-2 hours) is also incorrect as it overestimates the duration of action. Thus, the correct answer is A due to the rapid onset and short duration of sublingual nitroglycerin.