ATI RN
Pharmacology ATI Proctored Exam 2024 Questions
Question 1 of 5
Centrally acting antitussives, such as opioids, are used to
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Opioid antitussives suppress severe coughs , not congestion , mucus , or mild coughs . C reflects their use, making it correct.
Question 2 of 5
The patient has been taking lorazepam (Ativan) for 2 years. The patient stopped this medication after a neighbor said the drug manufacturer's plant was contaminated with rat droppings. What best describes the nurse's assessment of the patient when seen 3 days after stopping his medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Abruptly stopping lorazepam, a benzo, after 2 years triggers withdrawal-tachycardia, fever, cramps-due to GABA downregulation, per pharmacology. It's not safe-dependence forms. Opioid-like symptoms (pupils, constipation) don't fit. Calmness contradicts withdrawal. These signs reflect cessation risk, needing taper.
Question 3 of 5
A patient is concerned about the adverse effects of the fibric acid derivative she is taking to lower her cholesterol level. Which is an adverse effect of this class of medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Adverse effects of fibric acid derivatives, also known as fibrates, may include joint pain among other side effects such as gastrointestinal symptoms, abnormalities in liver function tests, and myopathy (muscle damage). Joint pain can be a result of musculoskeletal side effects associated with fibrates, so it is important for the patient to report any new or worsening joint pain to their healthcare provider.
Question 4 of 5
Carbidopa when combined with levodopa:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Carbidopa enhances levodopa in Parkinson's. It inhibits peripheral (not cerebral) dopa decarboxylase, reducing levodopa breakdown outside the brain, allowing more to cross the blood-brain barrier. This reduces peripheral dopamine, minimizing nausea and hypotension, permitting lower levodopa doses, a true statement. It's compatible with warfarin, doesn't delay bradykinesia improvement (enhances onset), and doesn't abolish on-off effects (related to disease progression). Reduced side effects improve tolerability, a key therapeutic strategy.
Question 5 of 5
The diagnostic triad of morphine overdose consists of:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The diagnostic triad of morphine overdose includes coma, depressed respiration, and pinpoint pupils. Coma occurs due to the central nervous system depression caused by morphine. Depressed respiration is a common symptom of opioid overdose, leading to respiratory distress and potential respiratory failure. Pinpoint pupils, also known as miosis, are a classic sign of opioid overdose and result from the effect of morphine on the autonomic nervous system. These three symptoms together are characteristic of a morphine overdose and indicate a medical emergency that requires prompt treatment.