ATI RN
Gastrointestinal NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
CCK:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: CCK (Cholecystokinin) is released in response to the presence of fats and proteins in the small intestine. Step 2: CCK inhibits stomach motility to allow enough time for the gallbladder to release bile. Step 3: This slowing down of stomach motility aids in the digestion and absorption of fats. Step 4: Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as CCK does not directly affect gastric secretion, pancreatic enzyme secretion, or increase pancreatic secretions rich in bicarbonate.
Question 2 of 5
The muscles of the esophagus squeeze the food downward using the process of:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: peristalsis. Peristalsis is the coordinated, rhythmic muscle contractions that propel food through the esophagus and digestive tract. This process helps move food downward towards the stomach. Gravity (choice A) is not the primary mechanism for moving food through the esophagus. Rugae (choice C) refers to folds in the stomach lining, not muscle action in the esophagus. Chyme (choice D) is the partially digested food mixed with stomach acids and enzymes, not a process of moving food down the esophagus. Therefore, peristalsis is the correct answer as it accurately describes the muscle action involved in pushing food downward through the esophagus.
Question 3 of 5
Which nursing action will be included in the plan of care for a 25-yr-old male patient with a new diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Encouraging the patient to express concerns and ask questions about IBS is important for providing emotional support and promoting understanding. Step 2: This action shows empathy and fosters a therapeutic relationship, which can help the patient cope with the new diagnosis. Step 3: By expressing concerns and asking questions, the patient can gain knowledge about IBS and actively participate in their care. Step 4: This approach aligns with patient-centered care principles and empowers the patient to be involved in decision-making regarding their health. Summary: - Option B is incorrect as increasing intake of dairy products can exacerbate IBS symptoms in some individuals. - Option C is incorrect as avoiding NSAIDs is generally recommended for IBS patients due to potential gastrointestinal side effects. - Option D is incorrect as alosetron is a medication with potential serious side effects and should not be the first-line treatment for IBS.
Question 4 of 5
Which information will the nurse include when teaching a patient with peptic ulcer disease about the effect of ranitidine (Zantac)?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: Ranitidine is an H2 receptor antagonist that works by blocking the action of histamine on the stomach cells, thereby reducing gastric acid secretion. This helps in healing and preventing further damage to the ulcer. Option A is incorrect as ranitidine doesn't absorb excess gastric acid; it reduces its production. Option C is incorrect as ranitidine doesn't constrict blood vessels. Option D is incorrect as ranitidine doesn't cover the ulcer but rather decreases acid secretion to promote healing.
Question 5 of 5
Proteins are digested or broken down by the _____ in the stomach.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: pepsin. Pepsin is an enzyme secreted by the stomach that breaks down proteins into peptides. Initially, pepsin is produced in an inactive form called pepsinogen, which is activated by the acidic environment in the stomach. Pepsin works optimally at a low pH, which is maintained by hydrochloric acid (choice C) in the stomach. Lipase (choice D) is an enzyme that breaks down fats, not proteins. So, the correct enzyme responsible for digesting proteins in the stomach is pepsin.