Cardiac failure:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Cardiac failure has little effect on furosemide's V_d (C), as it remains ~0.1 L/kg, minimally altered by edema. Option A is false (reduced F due to splanchnic flow). Option B is true (lidocaine V_d increases). Option D is incorrect (t₁/₂ increases). Option E (original) about gentamicin is false (t₁/₂ increases). Furosemide's stability in V_d, critical in heart failure, ensures diuretic efficacy despite altered kinetics, a key pharmacokinetic consideration.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.