ATI RN
Pharmacology ATI Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
Cardiac failure:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Reduced hepatic and renal perfusion in cardiac failure increases the bioavailability of some oral drugs by reducing first-pass and renal clearance.
Question 2 of 5
What is the therapeutic use for Lithium?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lithium is commonly used as a mood stabilizer in the treatment of bipolar disorder. It is particularly effective in reducing the frequency and severity of manic episodes. By stabilizing mood and decreasing manic symptoms, lithium helps to prevent the occurrence of acute manic episodes in individuals with bipolar disorder. It does not specifically target blood pressure, seizure activity, or urinary output.
Question 3 of 5
During a blood transfusion, the patient begins to have chills and back pain. What is the nurse™s priority action?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse's priority action would be to discontinue the infusion immediately and notify the prescriber. The patient developing chills and back pain during a blood transfusion may be signs of a transfusion reaction, possibly indicating an incompatibility or adverse reaction to the blood product. It is crucial to stop the transfusion to prevent further complications and to notify the prescriber immediately so that appropriate interventions can be initiated promptly. Observing for other symptoms and slowing the infusion rate are secondary actions compared to discontinuing the infusion and informing the prescriber in this situation. Telling the patient that these symptoms are a normal reaction to the blood product is incorrect as the symptoms could indicate a serious issue that needs to be addressed promptly.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse administers a vaccine to a child. What is the best understanding of the nurse as it relates to the manufacture of this vaccine?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Vaccines are typically produced using animal cells (e.g., eggs) or microorganisms (e.g., bacteria, yeast) to grow antigens, mimicking natural pathogen processes for immunity. Plant extracts aren't standard-most use biological systems. Combination products are rare; animal/microbial methods dominate. Lab synthesis applies to small molecules, not complex vaccines. This understanding reflects standard bioprocessing, ensuring effective immune response.
Question 5 of 5
A client is admitted to the emergency room complaining of difficulty of breathing and upon auscultation, the nurse noted that the patient has wheezes. An allergic reaction to penicillin was
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Albuterol is a short-acting beta-agonist bronchodilator commonly used in the treatment of asthma and other respiratory conditions. In this scenario where the patient is experiencing difficulty breathing and wheezing, albuterol is the most appropriate medication to administer first. Albuterol works by relaxing the smooth muscles in the airways, which helps to open up the air passages and improve breathing. It can provide quick relief of symptoms such as wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness. In an emergency situation like this, it is crucial to address the underlying airway constriction promptly, making albuterol the priority medication to administer. This will help improve the patient's breathing and stabilize their respiratory status before considering other medications such as corticosteroids or theophylline.