Carbon monoxide

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because carbon monoxide can indeed arise from cigarette smoke due to incomplete combustion of tobacco. This is supported by scientific evidence. Carbon monoxide has a high affinity for hemoglobin, so choice A is incorrect. It can be transported by the circulatory system, making choice B incorrect. Breathing excessive amounts of automobile exhaust containing carbon monoxide can lead to death, making choice C incorrect.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Central nervous system. The respiratory mechanism is controlled by the brainstem, specifically the medulla oblongata and pons. These areas of the central nervous system regulate breathing by monitoring levels of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the blood. The medulla sets the basic rhythm of breathing, while the pons helps fine-tune the breathing rate. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because while the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems are involved in regulating various bodily functions, they do not directly control the respiratory mechanism. The autonomic nervous system, which includes both the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions, plays a role in involuntary functions like heart rate and digestion, but it is not the primary controller of breathing.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because the trachea shifted towards the opposite side indicates a potential pneumothorax, a serious complication following thoracentesis. Immediate action is needed to prevent respiratory distress. Choices A and B are common post-procedural findings and may not require immediate action. Choice C, while indicating hypoxemia, does not pose an immediate threat compared to a tracheal deviation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: a headache. Nasal drainage with a nasal fracture can indicate a potential cerebrospinal fluid leak, leading to a headache. This symptom requires immediate attention to rule out serious complications. Choice B is incorrect because difficulty with vision is not typically associated with a nasal fracture. Choice C is incorrect as collecting drainage on filter paper does not address the client's symptoms. Choice D is incorrect as blowing the nose can exacerbate the fracture and should be avoided.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: "I will take this medication on an empty stomach." This indicates effective teaching because isoniazid should be taken on an empty stomach to maximize absorption. Taking it with food can reduce absorption. A: Taking extra vitamin C is not necessary for isoniazid. B: Taking isoniazid with milk or juice can reduce its effectiveness. D: Contact lenses are not affected by isoniazid, so they will not be permanently stained.