Carbapenems are effective against:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Carbapenems are broad-spectrum antibiotics that are effective against a wide range of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms due to their strong activity against various types of bacteria. Option A is incorrect because carbapenems are not limited to only Gram-positive microorganisms. Option B is incorrect as they are effective against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. Option C is incorrect as carbapenems are not exclusively for bacteroide infections. The correct answer, Option D, is supported by the fact that carbapenems have a broad spectrum of activity against a wide range of bacteria.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Acyclovir. Acyclovir is the drug of choice for herpes and cytomegalovirus infections due to its specific antiviral activity against these viruses. It works by inhibiting viral DNA replication. Saquinavir is a protease inhibitor used for HIV, not herpes or cytomegalovirus. Interferon alfa is used for viral infections like hepatitis B and C, not herpes or cytomegalovirus. Didanozine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used for HIV, not herpes or cytomegalovirus. Therefore, Acyclovir is the correct choice for these infections.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Propranolol. Abrupt withdrawal of beta-blockers like propranolol can lead to rebound hypertension and potentially trigger a myocardial infarction (MI) due to sudden increase in heart rate and blood pressure. Aspirin, Lovastatin, and Captopril do not typically cause rebound effects that would lead to a sudden MI upon withdrawal.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Prazosin. This drug is an alpha-1 adrenergic receptor antagonist commonly used to treat hypertension. The adverse effect described is orthostatic hypotension, which is a known side effect of alpha-1 blockers like prazosin. When prazosin blocks alpha-1 receptors in blood vessels, it can lead to a sudden drop in blood pressure upon standing up, causing orthostatic hypotension. Propranolol (A) is a beta-blocker, Minoxidil (B) is a vasodilator, and Hydralazine (C) is also a vasodilator, but these drugs do not directly affect alpha-1 receptors and are less likely to cause orthostatic hypotension compared to prazosin.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.