ATI RN
Gastrointestinal Assessment Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
By the time food leaves the stomach it is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: a creamy paste called chyme. After food enters the stomach, it gets mixed with gastric juices and enzymes, forming a semi-liquid substance known as chyme. This chyme is then slowly released into the small intestine for further digestion and absorption of nutrients. Option B is incorrect as food is not rolled into a bolus in the stomach but rather churned into chyme. Option C is incorrect as pepsin, an enzyme for protein digestion, is already present in the stomach and starts working on digesting proteins before the food leaves the stomach. Option D is incorrect as chyme is the accurate description of the partially digested food leaving the stomach.
Question 2 of 5
A patient calls the clinic to report a new onset of severe diarrheWhat should the nurse anticipate that the patient will need to do?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A Rationale: 1. Stool specimen collection helps identify the cause of diarrhea (e.g., infection). 2. It assists in determining appropriate treatment. 3. It helps rule out serious conditions. 4. Colonoscopy (B) and barium enema (C) are invasive procedures not typically indicated for acute diarrhea. 5. Blood cultures (D) are not the first-line investigation for diarrhea without systemic signs of infection.
Question 3 of 5
Gastrin secretion will stop when the stomach pH reaches _____.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: 3. Gastrin secretion is stimulated by low pH levels in the stomach. When the stomach pH drops below 3, gastrin secretion is triggered to increase stomach acid production. Once the stomach pH reaches around 3, a negative feedback mechanism is activated to stop gastrin secretion and prevent excessive acid production. Choices A (7), B (4.5), and C (1.5) are incorrect because gastrin secretion is actually inhibited by higher pH levels, not when the pH reaches neutral (7), slightly acidic (4.5), or extremely acidic (1.5) levels. The key here is to understand the physiological response of gastrin secretion to pH levels in the stomach.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following are liver waste products?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: bilirubin. Bilirubin is a waste product produced during the breakdown of red blood cells in the liver. It is excreted in bile and gives feces its brown color. Bile salts aid in digestion, cholesterol is a lipid used for various functions, and electrolytes are essential for bodily functions but are not liver waste products. Therefore, bilirubin is the only true liver waste product in this list.
Question 5 of 5
A peristaltic rush which results in a failure to absorb enough colon water results in _____.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: diarrhea. A peristaltic rush causes rapid movement of contents through the intestines, leading to decreased absorption time in the colon. This results in excess water in the stool, leading to watery and loose bowel movements, which is characteristic of diarrhea. Constipation (A) is the opposite, with slow movement and difficulty passing stool. Cramps (C) may occur due to increased muscle contractions but are not directly related to water absorption. Flatus (D) is the passage of gas and not related to water absorption in the colon.