ATI RN
Burns Pediatric Primary Care Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
By the age of 7 months, the infant is able to do all the following EXCEPT
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In this question, the correct answer is D) cruises. By the age of 7 months, infants typically reach various developmental milestones. Cruising, which involves moving around while holding onto furniture for support, usually occurs around 9-12 months. Option A) transferring object from hand to hand is a fine motor skill that infants develop around 6-7 months. Option B) actively bouncing is a gross motor skill where infants start bouncing when held upright, usually around 6-8 months. Option C) using a radial palm grasp is a typical fine motor skill that infants develop around 6 months, allowing them to grasp objects with their whole hand. Educationally, understanding the developmental milestones of infants is crucial for healthcare providers, especially in pediatric primary care. Recognizing typical developmental patterns can help identify any delays or concerns early on, enabling timely interventions and support for the child and their family. It is essential for healthcare professionals to be knowledgeable about these milestones to provide comprehensive care and guidance to ensure optimal child development.
Question 2 of 5
The MOST appropriate advice for a 4-year-old child visiting the outpatient department with excessive crying is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer, option B, to advise seeking more history regarding other skills and developmental domains is appropriate for a 4-year-old child visiting the outpatient department with excessive crying. This approach aligns with a comprehensive assessment strategy in pediatric primary care. Understanding the child's overall development, including communication, social, and motor skills, can provide valuable insights into potential underlying issues causing the excessive crying. Option A, reassuring the child that excessive crying is normal, may overlook potential developmental or behavioral concerns that need further evaluation. Referring the child to pediatric psychiatry (option C) without gathering more information can be premature and may not be necessary at this stage. Investigating for child abuse (option D) should only be considered after a thorough assessment and if there are specific concerns or red flags present. In an educational context, this question highlights the importance of holistic assessment in pediatric primary care. It emphasizes the need for healthcare providers to consider a child's development comprehensively when addressing behavioral concerns. By taking a thorough history and assessing various developmental domains, healthcare professionals can provide more personalized and effective care for pediatric patients.
Question 3 of 5
A 3-week-old neonate is brought to the emergency department because of a three-day history of intermittent vomiting. His mother reports that he has not urinated for eight hours. On physical examination, his eyes are sunken. Which of the following will MOST likely require correction before surgery is performed?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is hypochloremia (option A). Hypochloremia, or low chloride levels, can lead to metabolic alkalosis, which is a condition where there is an excess of bicarbonate in the blood. Surgery can exacerbate this imbalance due to factors like stress, anesthesia, and fluid shifts. Therefore, correcting hypochloremia before surgery is crucial to prevent further complications. Option B, hyperkalemia, is less likely in this case because vomiting typically leads to potassium loss. Hypernatremia (option C) is also less likely as the presentation suggests dehydration and loss of electrolytes rather than excess sodium. Option D is N/A, which is incorrect as addressing electrolyte imbalances is essential before surgery to optimize the patient's condition. Educationally, understanding the impact of electrolyte imbalances on surgical outcomes is vital for healthcare providers caring for pediatric patients. This question highlights the importance of recognizing and correcting electrolyte abnormalities in infants before surgical interventions to ensure better perioperative outcomes and prevent potential complications.
Question 4 of 5
After general anesthesia, elective procedures should generally be avoided in children with a URI for how long?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In pediatric primary care, understanding the impact of general anesthesia and upper respiratory infections (URIs) on children undergoing elective procedures is crucial for safe and effective management. The correct answer, option B) 2-4 weeks, is based on the consideration of the potential increased risk of respiratory complications when elective procedures are performed shortly after a URI. Elective procedures in children with a recent URI can lead to exacerbation of respiratory symptoms, increased risk of postoperative complications such as airway reactivity, and potential respiratory compromise. Waiting for 2-4 weeks allows for resolution of the acute phase of the URI, which reduces the risk of perioperative respiratory issues and optimizes the safety of the procedure. Option A) 1-2 weeks is too early as the respiratory system may still be compromised, increasing the risk of complications. Option C) 4-6 weeks and option D) 6-8 weeks may be unnecessarily long wait times, potentially delaying necessary procedures and inconveniencing families. Educationally, healthcare providers need to have a solid understanding of the optimal timing for elective procedures following a URI in pediatric patients to ensure patient safety and positive outcomes. This knowledge helps in making informed clinical decisions that prioritize the well-being of children undergoing medical interventions.
Question 5 of 5
A first-time mother brings in her 5-day-old baby for a well-child visit. The baby weighs 7 lb 5 oz, down from 7 lb 10 oz at discharge. The nurse's best response is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct response is option B: "Newborns can lose up to 10% of their birth weight and regain it by 2 weeks of age." This response is the best because it provides accurate and reassuring information to the first-time mother. It educates her on the normal weight loss pattern for newborns and helps alleviate any unnecessary worries she may have. Option A is incorrect as notifying the doctor immediately may cause undue alarm before considering the normal weight loss in newborns. Option C is inappropriate as it dismisses the mother's concerns without providing any helpful information. Option D is not the best response as it jumps to a conclusion without first educating the mother on the normal weight loss pattern in newborns. In pediatric primary care, it is essential to educate parents, especially first-time mothers, on common newborn behaviors and characteristics. Understanding newborn weight loss patterns can help parents feel more confident and reduce unnecessary anxiety. Providing accurate information empowers parents to care for their newborns effectively and fosters a positive relationship between parents and healthcare providers.