ATI RN
Central Nervous System Stimulants and Related Drugs NCLEX Style Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Buspirone is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Buspirone (choice D), a 5-HT1A partial agonist, treats anxiety without sedation (choice A), isn't for insomnia (choice B), and has a slow onset (choice C incorrect), taking weeks. Its anxiolytic action offers a non-addictive alternative to benzodiazepines.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following drugs was most likely prescribed for the 12-year-old girl with refractory absence seizures?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this case, the neurologist decided to add a second-generation antiepileptic drug that blocks voltage-gated Na+ and Ca2+ channels and may inhibit the synaptic release of glutamate. Among the choices, Lamotrigine fits this description as it is known to block voltage-gated sodium channels, making it the most likely drug prescribed for the patient.
Question 3 of 5
Several children are admitted for diagnosis with possible attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Which is most important for the nurse to observe?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: A boy with an inability to complete tasks. This is important because it is a key symptom of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Observing this behavior can help confirm the diagnosis and guide appropriate interventions. Explanation: 1. Inability to complete tasks is a common symptom of ADHD, indicating difficulties with focus and organization. 2. Lethargy (Choice A) is not a typical symptom of ADHD, which is characterized by hyperactivity and impulsivity. 3. Lack of impulsivity (Choice B) contradicts the typical presentation of impulsivity seen in ADHD. 4. Smooth coordination (Choice C) is not a primary symptom of ADHD and does not directly relate to the disorder's diagnosis. In summary, observing a boy with an inability to complete tasks is crucial for evaluating ADHD, as it aligns with the disorder's core symptoms, unlike the other choices.
Question 4 of 5
A first-year surgery intern has rotated on numerous surgical services. He has gotten quite used to ordering morphine for pain control. However, which of the following is an absolute contraindication to opioid use?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Closed head injury (choice A) contraindicates morphine due to respiratory depression and ICP elevation, masking neurological signs. MI (choice B), pulmonary edema (choice C), and diarrhea (choice D) benefit from morphine. This exception ensures safety.
Question 5 of 5
As the physician, you could tell the patient (and close family members) all of the following things about levodopa except?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Levodopa does not cause livedo reticularis (a net-like skin discoloration), but it can cause other side effects such as nausea, dizziness, and dyskinesia.