Britney, a 20 y.o. student is admitted with acute pancreatitis. Which laboratory findings do you expect to be abnormal for this patient?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the case of a patient with acute pancreatitis like Britney, the correct laboratory findings that are expected to be abnormal are serum amylase and lipase (Option C). Amylase and lipase are pancreatic enzymes, and their elevation in the blood indicates damage to the pancreas, which is a hallmark of acute pancreatitis. Option A, Serum creatinine and BUN, are markers of kidney function and are not specifically related to pancreatitis. Options B and D, Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and cardiac enzymes, are associated with liver and heart function respectively, and are not typically elevated in acute pancreatitis. In an educational context, understanding the specific laboratory findings associated with different conditions is crucial for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. By knowing which markers to look for, nurses can provide better care, monitor patient progress, and collaborate effectively with the healthcare team to manage the patient's condition.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is option C: Splint the incision if he can't avoid sneezing or coughing. This instruction is crucial after a herniorrhaphy (surgical repair of a hernia) to minimize the risk of complications. By splinting the incision during sneezing or coughing, David can prevent excessive strain on the surgical site, reducing the chances of wound dehiscence or hernia recurrence. Option A, which suggests avoiding pain medication, is incorrect because adequate pain management is essential postoperatively to promote patient comfort and mobility, ultimately improving outcomes. Pain control also helps prevent complications such as atelectasis due to shallow breathing. Option B, coughing and deep breathing Q2H, is incorrect immediately after a herniorrhaphy as it can increase intra-abdominal pressure and strain on the incision, potentially leading to complications like wound dehiscence or hernia recurrence. Option D, applying heat to scrotal swelling, is unrelated to the patient's risk of complications post-herniorrhaphy and does not address the specific care needed to minimize complications following this surgical procedure. Educationally, this rationale emphasizes the importance of proper postoperative care after a herniorrhaphy to prevent complications and promote optimal healing. By understanding the rationale behind each option, students can grasp the significance of specific nursing interventions in the context of surgical procedures, enhancing their clinical decision-making skills.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of Janice post-herniorrhaphy, the correct instruction to include in her discharge plan is option C) Lose weight, if obese. This is because obesity can increase the risk of hernia recurrence, delay wound healing, and overall impact surgical outcomes. By addressing obesity, Janice can improve her overall health and reduce the likelihood of complications. Option A) Eat a low-fiber diet is incorrect as a high-fiber diet is generally recommended post-operatively to prevent constipation and promote healing. Option B) Resume heavy lifting in 2 weeks is incorrect as strenuous activities should be avoided for a longer period to prevent strain on the surgical site. Option D) Resume sexual activity once discomfort is gone is incorrect as it is essential to wait for clearance from the healthcare provider to ensure that the incision has healed adequately to avoid complications. In an educational context, it is crucial for nursing students to understand the importance of providing tailored discharge instructions based on the individual patient's needs and the specific surgical procedure they underwent. Understanding the rationale behind each instruction helps students develop critical thinking skills and apply evidence-based practices in their nursing care.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) You'll need to lie on your right side after the test. Rationale: This instruction is crucial post liver biopsy as lying on the right side helps to apply pressure to the biopsy site, preventing bleeding or complications. Placing pressure on the site promotes hemostasis and reduces the risk of bleeding. This position also helps in detecting any signs of bleeding early on. Option A) You'll need to lie on your stomach during the test is incorrect because the patient typically lies on their back during a liver biopsy procedure. Option C) During the biopsy you'll be asked to exhale deeply and hold it is incorrect as patients are usually asked to hold their breath briefly to minimize movement during the biopsy, not exhale deeply. Option D) The biopsy is performed under general anesthesia is incorrect as liver biopsies are often performed under local anesthesia with sedation, not general anesthesia, to minimize risks associated with general anesthesia and to allow the patient to cooperate during the procedure. Educational Context: Understanding the correct positioning after a liver biopsy is essential for nursing students to provide safe and effective care to patients undergoing this procedure. Teaching patients the importance of lying on their right side post-biopsy can help prevent complications and promote optimal recovery.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, option A (Dyspnea and reduced or absent breath sounds over the right lung) is the correct answer indicating a possible pneumothorax following a liver biopsy in a 62-year-old patient like Stephen. A pneumothorax occurs when air enters the pleural space, leading to lung collapse. Dyspnea and reduced breath sounds on the affected side are classic signs of a pneumothorax. Option B (Tachycardia, hypotension, and cool, clammy skin) is more indicative of shock, which could result from bleeding or other complications but is not specific to a pneumothorax. Option C (Fever, rebound tenderness, and abdominal rigidity) suggests intra-abdominal issues like peritonitis, which are not directly related to a pneumothorax. Option D (Redness, warmth, and drainage at the biopsy site) may indicate infection at the biopsy site but does not point towards a pneumothorax. Educationally, understanding the signs and symptoms of potential complications post liver biopsy is crucial for nurses caring for these patients. Recognizing the specific signs of a pneumothorax is essential for prompt intervention and preventing further complications in patients like Stephen.