Branches of bronchial tree

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because it correctly lists the branches of the bronchial tree in order: trachea-primary bronchi-secondary bronchi-tertiary bronchi-bronchioles-terminal. The trachea divides into the primary bronchi, which further divide into secondary bronchi, followed by tertiary bronchi, bronchioles, and finally terminal bronchioles. Choice A is incorrect because it lists "primary bronchi_trachea" which is out of order and "tertiary_bronchioles" instead of "tertiary bronchi." Choice C is incorrect because it combines the incorrect order of branches from both A and B. Choice D, "itis," is not a valid term related to the branches of the bronchial tree.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because a sudden spike in blood pressure to 198/110 mm Hg is considered hypertensive crisis requiring immediate medical attention. The nurse should inform the client that diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring are necessary to address the high blood pressure. This is important to prevent serious complications like stroke or heart attack. Option A is incorrect because waiting a few weeks for a BP recheck could be dangerous in this scenario. Option B is also incorrect as simple dietary changes may not be sufficient to address such high blood pressure levels. Option D is incorrect as hospitalization may or may not be required based on the assessment and treatment plan determined by the healthcare provider.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because new-onset confusion, restlessness, and cool clammy skin are signs of poor perfusion and potential deterioration. The nurse should assess this patient first to address possible acute changes in condition. Option A, dizziness after captopril, can be important but not immediately life-threatening. Option C receiving IV nesiritide is stable and monitored closely. Option D with oxygen and crackles indicates pulmonary congestion but is not an immediate priority compared to the signs of poor perfusion in option B.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: After inspiration commences, the diaphragm contracts and the thoracic cavity expands. This leads to a decrease in intrapleural pressure, allowing the lungs to expand. Simultaneously, intrapulmonary pressure decreases, creating a pressure gradient for air to flow into the lungs. Choice A is correct because both intrapleural pressure and intrapulmonary pressure fall during inspiration. Choice B is incorrect because intrapulmonary pressure actually decreases during inspiration, not rises. Choice C is incorrect because intrapleural pressure falling does not directly correlate with a decrease in venous return. Choice D is incorrect because during inspiration, the volume of the alveoli increases as the lungs expand, causing intrapulmonary pressure to decrease.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: internal respiration. This is the part of respiration where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in the body's tissue cells. During internal respiration, oxygen is delivered to the cells and carbon dioxide is removed. Pulmonary ventilation (choice A) refers to the process of breathing where air is moved in and out of the lungs. External respiration (choice B) is the exchange of gases between the lungs and blood. Transport of respiratory gases (choice C) involves the circulation of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the bloodstream. Internal respiration specifically focuses on the exchange of gases within the tissue cells, making it the correct choice in this scenario.