Brain stem death cannot be declared in which paediatric age group

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Brain stem death can't be declared under 2 months neurologic immaturity complicates criteria (e.g., apnea test unreliable). 2 months to 1 year allows adjusted protocols. 1-12 years follows pediatric standards feasible. Post-12 isn't restrictive adult-like. <2 months' limit distinguishes it, key to neonatal challenges, unlike older viable groups.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Combining alpha blockers (e.g., tamsulosin) with 5-alpha reductase inhibitors (e.g., finasteride) is optimal for moderate/severe LUTS with enlarged prostate alpha blockers relax, 5-ARIs shrink, addressing obstruction and growth. Alpha blockers alone relieve symptoms insufficient for size. Antimuscarinics target urgency not obstruction. PDE-5 inhibitors aid ED/LUTS less BPH-specific. Dual therapy's synergy distinguishes it, critical for comprehensive BPH management, unlike single or alternative combos.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Creatinine, from muscle creatine breakdown, is excreted by kidneys, unlike urea (protein), uric acid (purines), or creatine (precursor). This identifies muscle-specific waste, key for renal clearance, contrasting with other metabolites.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Reabsorption moves solutes from tubules to peritubular capillaries, not loop (site), corpuscle (filtration), or pyramid (structure). This defines reabsorption pathway, key for reclaiming substances, contrasting with filtration sites.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Kidneys are retroperitoneal (behind peritoneum), not pelvic, peritoneal, or abdominal (general). This specifies anatomical position, key for surgical access, contrasting with intraperitoneal organs.