Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because BIS and PSI monitors provide both raw EEG data and a numeric value, simplifying the interpretation of patient sedation levels. Raw EEG data offers detailed information on brain activity, while the numeric value allows for quick assessment. This simplifies the monitoring process compared to interpreting raw EEG data alone. Choice A is incorrect as BIS and PSI monitors are not restricted to heavily sedated patients. Choice B is incorrect as they are not limited to pediatric patients. Choice D is incorrect as the number of leads required does not determine the simplicity of use; it is the data interpretation that matters.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Ptosis on the left eyelid. Ptosis refers to drooping of the eyelid, which is a common condition in older adults. In this scenario, the nurse should document the finding as ptosis on the left eyelid because the client's left upper eyelid is drooping, covering more of the iris than the right eyelid. Explanation: Nystagmus (A) is an involuntary eye movement, not related to eyelid drooping. Exophthalmos (B) is the protrusion of the eyeball and not relevant to this scenario. Astigmatism (D) refers to a refractive error of the eye and does not cause eyelid drooping. Therefore, the correct choice is C as it accurately describes the client's condition.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step 1: Bringing in the patient's i-Pod with favorite music can provide personalized, soothing sounds, reducing stress and anxiety for the patient. Step 2: Familiar music can create a calming environment, distracting the patient from external noise. Step 3: Listening to music may improve patient comfort and overall experience in the critical care unit. Summary: Option A is correct as it directly addresses noise reduction by providing a personalized, calming environment for the patient. Options B, C, and D do not specifically target noise reduction but focus on other aspects of care or facility improvement.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Autonomy. Autonomy is the ethical principle that respects an individual's right to make decisions about their own care and treatment. In this scenario, the partner wanting "everything done" regardless of the patient's wishes violates the patient's autonomy by not honoring their previously expressed wishes outlined in the living will. This decision disregards the patient's right to make choices about their own healthcare. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because: B: Beneficence focuses on doing good for the patient, but in this case, the partner's actions are not necessarily in the patient's best interest. C: Justice pertains to fairness and equal treatment, which is not directly relevant to the situation described. D: Nonmaleficence is the principle of doing no harm, but in this scenario, the harm is not necessarily physical but rather a violation of the patient's autonomy.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D (Respiratory alkalosis). Morphine sulfate can cause respiratory depression, leading to decreased respiratory rate. In this case, the patient's breaths decrease from 12 to 4 breaths/min, indicating hypoventilation. With decreased ventilation, there is less CO2 elimination, resulting in respiratory alkalosis. The other choices can be ruled out: A (Metabolic acidosis) and B (Metabolic alkalosis) are less likely caused by morphine sulfate, and C (Respiratory acidosis) is incorrect because the scenario describes hypoventilation, not hyperventilation.