ATI RN
Multiple Choice Questions About Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Bohr effect shifts the O2 Hb dissociation curve to right
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The Bohr effect states that a decrease in pH shifts the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve to the right, promoting the release of oxygen to tissues. This occurs in metabolically active tissues where CO2 is produced, lowering the pH. Choice D is correct because a decrease in blood pH facilitates oxygen unloading. Choices A and B are incorrect because the Bohr effect is related to oxygen release, not uptake. Choice C is incorrect because decreasing CO2 concentration would actually shift the curve to the left.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is assessing a newly admitted medical patient and notes there is a depression in the lower portion of the patient's sternum. This patient's health record should note the presence of what chest deformity?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: A funnel chest. A funnel chest, also known as pectus excavatum, is characterized by a depression in the lower portion of the sternum. This deformity causes the chest to appear sunken or caved in. The other choices are incorrect because: A) A barrel chest is associated with COPD and is characterized by an increased anterior-posterior diameter of the chest. C) A pigeon chest, also known as pectus carinatum, is characterized by a protrusion of the sternum and ribs. D) Kyphoscoliosis is a combination of kyphosis and scoliosis, involving both a curvature of the spine and rotation of the vertebrae.
Question 3 of 5
A medical patient rings her call bell and expresses alarm to the nurse, stating, 'I've just coughed up this blood. That can't be good, can it?' How can the nurse best determine whether the source of the blood was the patient's lungs?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Try to see if the blood is frothy or mixed with mucus. By observing if the blood is frothy or mixed with mucus, the nurse can determine if the source is more likely to be from the lungs, as blood from the lungs is often frothy due to air mixing with it during coughing. This observation helps differentiate between blood coming from the respiratory tract versus other sources in the body. Incorrect choices: A: Testing the pH of the blood does not directly indicate the source of the blood in this context. C: Performing oral suctioning may not provide accurate information about the source of the blood. D: Swabbing the back of the throat may not help determine if the blood is coming from the lungs as it could be from other sources in the upper respiratory tract.
Question 4 of 5
Lungs are held tightly to the wall of the thorax due to
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because the surface tension of the pleural fluid creates a cohesive force that keeps the lungs adhered to the thoracic wall. This, combined with the negative pressure in the pleural cavity, creates a vacuum effect that maintains the lungs' position. A) The diaphragm and intercostal muscle contractions help with breathing but do not directly secure the lungs to the thorax. B) Tight junctions between the lungs and thorax do not play a significant role in holding the lungs in place. D) Atmospheric pressure does not hold the lungs against the thoracic wall; rather, it helps with breathing by aiding in lung expansion and contraction.
Question 5 of 5
At a PO2 of 70 mm Hg and normal temperature and pH, hemoglobin is ________ percent saturated with oxygen.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D (more than 90). At a PO2 of 70 mm Hg, hemoglobin is more than 90% saturated with oxygen due to the high oxygen affinity of hemoglobin at this partial pressure. Hemoglobin exhibits near-maximal saturation at this level, promoting efficient oxygen binding and transport. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not accurately reflect the high oxygen saturation levels associated with a PO2 of 70 mm Hg.