Bobby is a seven-year-old who attends second grade in a public school. His teacher notices that Bobby doesn't volunteer to answer questions or talk with the other children. When he does talk, he sometimes stutters, especially if he gets nervous or thinks the other children are looking at him. What is one type of treatment that might make Bobby feel more comfortable talking in class?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: singing. Singing can help Bobby feel more comfortable talking in class by promoting relaxation, breath control, and confidence in his voice. Singing can also improve his speech fluency and rhythm, which may reduce his stuttering when talking. Additionally, singing can be a fun and engaging way for Bobby to express himself without feeling self-conscious. Other choices are incorrect because: A: scheduling a conference with his mother may not directly address Bobby's communication difficulties in class. B: psychodrama focuses on exploring emotions and thoughts through dramatic expression, which may not specifically target Bobby's speech issues. D: having a hearing assessment is not relevant to Bobby's stuttering and difficulty talking in class.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because it reflects active listening and empathy, which can encourage further communication. By acknowledging the client's feelings of loneliness and fear, the nurse shows understanding and creates a safe space for the client to share more. Choice B is incorrect because it implies judgment and may shut down communication. Choice C focuses on the nurse's experience rather than the client's, which is not helpful. Choice D offers false reassurance and minimizes the client's feelings, not addressing the underlying issues.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because it accurately distinguishes between a diagnosis in DSM-V and a nursing diagnosis. A DSM-V diagnosis typically focuses on identifying mental health disorders and guiding medical treatments. On the other hand, a nursing diagnosis is more holistic, focusing on patient issues and providing a framework for interventions. This answer is correct as it highlights the primary functions of each type of diagnosis. Choice A is incorrect because there are clear distinctions between the two types of diagnoses in terms of their focus and purpose. Choice B is incorrect because nursing diagnoses do consider cultural factors. Choice C is incorrect as nursing diagnoses do explore underlying causes and contributing factors.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because the implementation phase involves carrying out interventions and coordinating care based on the nursing care plan developed during the planning phase. This phase focuses on putting the plan into action to achieve the desired patient outcomes. A: Participating in mutual identification of patient outcomes is part of the planning phase, where goals and outcomes are established. B: Gathering accurate and sufficient patient-centered data is part of the assessment phase to gather information about the patient's condition. C: Comparing patient responses and expected outcomes is part of the evaluation phase, where the effectiveness of interventions is assessed. In summary, the implementation phase is about executing the care plan through interventions and coordination, while the other choices are associated with different phases of the nursing process.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: An interview room furnished with a desk and two chairs. This room provides a private and comfortable setting for the patient to express their feelings and concerns openly. The desk and chairs facilitate a structured conversation between the patient and healthcare provider. Choice B is incorrect because a small, empty storage room is not conducive to providing appropriate care for a patient experiencing disorganized behavior and incoherence. It lacks the necessary environment for effective communication and support. Choice C is incorrect as a room with an examining table and instrument cabinets may make the patient feel uncomfortable or anxious, potentially exacerbating their symptoms. It is more suitable for physical examinations rather than mental health assessments. Choice D is incorrect because placing the patient in the nurse's office may not provide the necessary privacy and professional boundaries required for a therapeutic interaction. It lacks the neutrality and confidentiality needed for the patient to feel safe and supported.