ATI RN
Pediatric Neurology Question Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
Bloody CSF is seen in
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bloody CSF indicatvenous thrombosis , per neurology texts, from hemorrhage into CSF spaces. MS and leukodystrophy lack blood; hypertension is systemic; herpmay have RBCs but not predominantly. Thrombosiss vascular rupture makes C the correct answer.
Question 2 of 5
The incidence of childhood epilepsy is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Childhood epilepsy incidence is 1-2% , per ILAE, with ~50-100 casper 100,000 annually. Higher rat(B-E, 3-10%) overestimate; prevalence may reach 5%, but incidence is lower. Epidemiologic data, reflecting new diagnoses, make A the correct answer.
Question 3 of 5
Status epilepticus is a neurologic emergency and is defined as ongoing seizure activity or repetitive seizurwithout return of consciousness for greater than
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Status epilepticus is defined as >30 minutof seizuror no recovery between, per ILAE, risking neuronal damage. Shorter is prolonged; longer (C-E) exceeds standard. Thirty minutguidintervention, making B the correct answer.
Question 4 of 5
A 6-month-old infant presents with severe hypotonia and generalized weakness, his creatine phosphokinase (CK) is mildly elevated, the electromyelogram (EMG) shows fasciculations and fibrillations, muscle biopsy specimens show grouped atrophy. Of the following, the MOST likely finding in this infant is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Absent deep tendon reflexfit spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), per pediatric neurology, with hypotonia, weakness, mild CK elevation, and EMG/biopsy showing denervation (fasciculations, grouped atrophy). Sensation is spared; ptosis myasthenic; cognition normal; Moro irrelevant. Reflex loss from anterior horn cell loss makes A the correct answer.
Question 5 of 5
An adolescent patient develops both proximal and distal weakness of the extremitiin an episodic, relapsing-remitting pattern; he also experiencnumbness and tingling. Of the following, the MOST likely diagnosis is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: CIDP fits relapsing-remitting proximal/distal weakness with numbness, per neurology, from immune-mediated demyelination. CMT is progressive; myasthenia fatigable; hypothyroidism systemic; Guillain-Barré acute. CIDPs pattern makes D the correct answer.