ATI RN
100 Questions on the Cardiovascular System PDF Questions
Question 1 of 5
Blood from the stomach and intestines is transported to the liver by the:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The hepatic portal vein (C) carries nutrient-rich, oxygen-poor blood from the GI tract to the liver. Hepatic artery (B) supplies oxygen, aorta (A) is systemic, renal (D) is kidneys.
Question 2 of 5
Arteries are:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Arteries (B) have thick, elastic walls to handle high pressure (~100 mmHg). Veins are thin-walled with low pressure (A, D incorrect), and C contradicts arterial structure.
Question 3 of 5
Increased functional demand on the heart produces increased size of the myocardium by:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chronic demand (e.g., hypertension) causes myocardial hypertrophy (B), increasing cell size. Hyperplasia (A) is rare in adult heart, C and D are pathological.
Question 4 of 5
SA node acts as a pacemaker of the heart because of the fact that it:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The SA node (D) fires fastest (~60-100 bpm), outpacing others. A is true but general, B and C are partial (it has both innervations).
Question 5 of 5
Identify the muscular ridges that are found on the anterior wall of the right atrium and extend into the auricles.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pectinate muscles (A) are ridges in the right atrium and auricles. Trabeculae carneae (B) are in ventricles, coronary sulci (C) are grooves, and papillary muscles (D) anchor valves.