Blood cells are formed in the:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Bone marrow. Blood cells are primarily formed in the bone marrow through a process called hematopoiesis. The bone marrow contains stem cells that differentiate into various types of blood cells, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Arterioles are small blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart, not involved in blood cell formation. Lymphoid tissue plays a role in immune function but not in blood cell production. Muscle tissue is primarily responsible for movement and does not have a role in blood cell formation. Therefore, the bone marrow is the correct answer as it is the main site of blood cell production in the body.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Oxygen. Oxygen is primarily transported in the blood bound to hemoglobin within red blood cells, not dissolved in plasma. Carbon dioxide is transported in plasma. Nutrients and hormones are also transported in plasma. Therefore, choice A is incorrect as oxygen is not primarily transported in plasma.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The most pertinent nursing diagnosis for this patient is acute pain (Choice C). This is because the patient's right femur fracture would likely cause significant pain and discomfort, which is a priority to address for optimal recovery and comfort. Managing pain effectively is crucial in promoting healing and preventing complications. Posttrauma syndrome (Choice A) is not as immediate a concern in this scenario. While constipation (Choice B) and anxiety (Choice D) are important considerations, addressing acute pain takes precedence in the initial plan of care to ensure the patient's comfort and well-being.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Perform a thorough nursing health history. This method is the best for gathering information about a patient's habits and lifestyle patterns because it involves asking specific questions related to the patient's daily routines, habits, and lifestyle choices. By obtaining a comprehensive health history, the nurse can gather valuable information about the patient's diet, exercise habits, sleep patterns, stress levels, substance use, and other lifestyle factors that may impact their health. Reviewing lab results (A) may provide some information but not specifically about habits and lifestyle. Conducting a physical assessment (B) focuses more on the patient's physical condition rather than lifestyle. Prolonging the termination phase of the interview (D) is not a method of data collection and does not focus on gathering information about habits and lifestyle patterns.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because encouraging the intake of low-sodium liquids like coffee or tea can worsen hyponatremia. Hyponatremia is a condition characterized by low sodium levels in the blood, so encouraging low-sodium liquids would further dilute the sodium levels. The other choices are correct interventions for hyponatremia: A) assessing for symptoms helps in monitoring the patient's condition, C) monitoring neurological status is crucial as hyponatremia can lead to neurological complications, and D) restricting tap water intake helps in managing fluid intake and preventing further dilution of sodium levels.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 7th cranial nerve. Bell's palsy is caused by inflammation of the facial nerve (7th cranial nerve), leading to facial muscle weakness or paralysis. The 3rd cranial nerve (choice A) controls eye movement, the 5th cranial nerve (choice C) is responsible for facial sensation and chewing, and the 8th cranial nerve (choice D) is related to hearing and balance. Bell's palsy specifically affects the facial muscles, making choice B the correct answer.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Isolated systolic hypertension. This is because in isolated systolic hypertension, the systolic blood pressure is elevated while the diastolic blood pressure remains normal. This condition is common in older adults and is often related to aging and stiffening of the arteries. Primary hypertension (A) typically involves both elevated systolic and diastolic pressures. Secondary hypertension (C) is caused by an underlying condition. Hypertensive emergency (D) is characterized by severe elevations in both systolic and diastolic pressures with acute target organ damage.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, assess vital signs, as it is crucial to monitor the client's hemodynamic stability and response to treatment during the critical initial 24 hours of Addisonian crisis. Vital signs such as blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory rate provide valuable information about the client's condition and response to therapy. Weighing the client (choice A) and testing urine for ketones (choice C) may be important but not as immediately critical as monitoring vital signs. Administering oral hydrocortisone (choice B) is essential for treatment but does not require frequent administration within the first 24 hours.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Liver. Cancer cells commonly metastasize to the liver due to its rich blood supply, making it an ideal environment for tumor growth. Liver metastasis can occur from various primary cancer sites. The liver filters blood and is susceptible to receiving cancer cells circulating in the bloodstream. Metastasis to the colon (B) is less common as it is typically the primary site for colon cancer. Metastasis to the reproductive tract (C) can occur but is not as common as liver metastasis. White blood cells (D) are a part of the immune system and do not serve as a common site for cancer metastasis.