Blood and fluid loss from frequent diarrhea may cause hypovolemia and you can quickly assess volume depletion in Miss CC by:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Comparing the patient's present weight with her last weight is the best way to quickly assess volume depletion in Miss CC. As she has been experiencing frequent diarrhea leading to blood and fluid loss, changes in weight are a reliable indicator of changes in the body's fluid status. A significant decrease in weight would suggest a loss of fluid and potential hypovolemia due to the diarrhea. This method is simple, immediate, and directly reflects the impact of the fluid loss on the body's volume status. Measuring the quantity and specific gravity of her urine output could provide information on her kidney function but may not be as quick and direct in evaluating volume depletion as comparing her current weight with her last recorded weight. Taking her blood pressure is important in assessing overall cardiovascular status but may not be as immediate in reflecting the impact of fluid loss on volume status. Administering the oral water test is not a standard method for quickly assessing volume depletion in this scenario.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Cheese is high in sodium and should be avoided by patients on a low-sodium diet. It is a common source of hidden sodium in many diets. Other high-sodium foods that should be limited or avoided include processed meats, canned soups, processed snacks, and condiments. Patients should focus on eating fresh fruits and vegetables, lean proteins like chicken (with no added salt), and whole grains to maintain a low-sodium diet.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: After a bronchoscopy procedure, it is essential to check for the presence of a gag reflex before allowing the patient to drink. This is crucial to prevent aspiration, as the gag reflex helps protect the airway by triggering swallowing and preventing foreign material from entering the lungs. Allowing the patient to drink without assessing the gag reflex could lead to serious complications such as aspiration pneumonia. Therefore, checking for the gag reflex is an appropriate nursing action to ensure the safety and well-being of the patient after a bronchoscopy.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Hemoptysis, which refers to coughing up blood, is a sign characteristic of the later stages of tuberculosis (TB). This symptom occurs when there is significant damage to the lungs due to the progression of the disease. Hemoptysis in TB can indicate advanced disease and the presence of cavities in the lungs where blood vessels may become eroded. It is a serious symptom that often requires immediate medical attention. While fatigue, anorexia, and weight loss are common symptoms of TB, hemoptysis specifically points towards the later stages of the disease and severe lung involvement.