ATI RN
Central Nervous System Stimulants and Related Drugs NCLEX Style Questions Questions
Question 1 of 9
Blockade of which of the following pairs of receptors likely mediated the adverse effect of olanzapine in the 37-year-old woman with a schizoaffective disorder?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The most likely receptors mediating the adverse effect of olanzapine in the 37-year-old woman are GABAergic and muscarinic receptors. Olanzapine, an atypical antipsychotic, can have side effects such as acute psychotic states and aggression, which may be due to its interaction with these receptors. Blocking GABAergic receptors can lead to disinhibition and agitation, while muscarinic receptor blockade can cause cognitive impairment and confusion, both of which could contribute to the patient's acute psychotic state and aggressive behavior.
Question 2 of 9
Which of the following molecular actions in the enteric nervous system most likely mediated the adverse effect of the drug in the 54-year-old woman?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The drug causing diarrhea in the woman is most likely paroxetine, which increases serotonergic activity in the enteric nervous system, leading to the adverse effect of diarrhea.
Question 3 of 9
In the treatment of congenital adrenal hyperplasia in which there is excess production of cortisol precursor, the purpose of administration of synthetic glucocorticoid is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In CAH (choice D), synthetic glucocorticoids suppress ACTH, reducing adrenal precursor excess (e.g., 17-hydroxyprogesterone). Aldosterone (choice A), renal (choice B), and immune (choice C) effects aren't primary goals. ACTH suppression corrects the defect.
Question 4 of 9
A group of drugs used widely to treat mild hypertension is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Diuretics especially thiazides are commonly used as first-line agents for mild hypertension.
Question 5 of 9
Which of the following drugs was most likely prescribed for the 45-year-old man recently diagnosed with partial seizures?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Carbamazepine is a commonly used antiepileptic drug for the treatment of partial seizures. Given the patient's diagnosis and symptoms, Carbamazepine would be a likely choice for the neurologist to prescribe in this case.
Question 6 of 9
Schizophrenia has following clinical features
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Schizophrenia is characterized by a combination of delusions hallucinations and thought disorders which are hallmark symptoms of the condition.
Question 7 of 9
Which of the following statements regarding drugs of abuse is true?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: LSD exerts its hallucinogenic effects through serotonin (5-HT) receptor modulation.
Question 8 of 9
What is the mechanism of action of clonidine?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Clonidine works as an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist, reducing sympathetic outflow and lowering blood pressure.
Question 9 of 9
Epinephrine added to a solution of lidocaine for a peripheral nerve block will
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Epinephrine causes vasoconstriction, reducing systemic absorption and prolonging the duration of the local anesthetic effect.