ATI RN
Pediatric Neurological NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Bilateral cortical visual dysfunction, encephalopathy, and seizurare seen in
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Global hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy causbilateral visual loss, encephalopathy, and seizurfrom diffuse brain hypoxia. Herpis focal; MS relapsing; hypertensive and hypoglycemia lack this triad. HImechanism makes A the correct answer.
Question 2 of 5
Seizurare common during the course of bacterial meningitis. Immediate therapy for seizurincludintravenous diazepam (0.1-0.2 mg/kg/dose) or lorazepam (0.05-0.10 mg/kg/dose). After immediate management of seizures, patients should receive the following anticonvulsant to reduce the likelihood of recurrence
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Phenytoin is used post-acute seizure in meningitis for recurrence prevention, per guidelines, due to IV availability and efficacy. Valproate and phenobarbital are less acute; lorazepam is short-acting. Phenytoins profile make B the correct answer.
Question 3 of 5
The predominant organisms causing brain abscessin children are
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Aerobic and anaerobic streptococci dominate pediatric brain abscess(~60%), per IDSA, from sinus/otitis spread. Pneumococcus , enterococcus , bacteroid, and H. aphrophilus are less common. Streptococcis prevalence makes A the correct answer.
Question 4 of 5
The MOST common involved segments in transverse myelitis (TM) are in the
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Thoracic region is most common in transverse myelitis (~50-60%), per NMO data, from longer cord vulnerability. Cervical , lumbar , and sacral are less frequent. Thoracic predominance make B the correct answer.
Question 5 of 5
Detected by antenatal ultrasonography
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Both hydrocephalus and spina bifida are detectable by antenatal ultrasonography, making C the correct answer. Hydrocephalus shows ventricular enlargement on ultrasound, often by 20 weeks, due to CSF accumulation. Spina bifida, especially open forms, reveals spinal defects (e.g., myelomeningocele) and associated signs like lemon or banana signs. Routine prenatal screening identifithese anomaliwith high sensitivity. Hydrocephalus only or Spina bifida only underestimatultrasounds scope, while Neither contradicts standard practice. The combined detectability of these structural defects, per ACOG guidelines, confirms C as the most accurate choice.