ATI RN
ATI Proctored Pharmacology 2024 Questions
Question 1 of 5
Beta-adrenergic blocking drugs are used in children for disorders similar to those in adults. What adrenergic blocking agent is used during surgery for pheochromocytoma?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Phentolamine is used during surgery for pheochromocytoma in children. Prazosin is used to treat hypertension in children. Propranolol and guanethidine are not indicated for use in children with a pheochromocytoma. The nurse should understand the indications for phentolamine to ensure safe and effective administration.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is giving medicinal instructions to a female client receiving leflunomide (Arava). Which of the following is an appropriate instruction with the use of the medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Leflunomide is teratogenic and can cause severe birth defects. Women of childbearing age must use effective contraception during treatment and for a period after discontinuation. Breastfeeding is contraindicated due to the risk of harm to the infant. Cholestyramine is used to accelerate the elimination of leflunomide in case of toxicity, not to lessen side effects. Improvement in symptoms typically takes weeks, not days.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following is most effective as a topical agent for a candida infection of the skin?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cutaneous candidiasis needs topical antifungals. Griseofulvin treats dermatophytes orally, not candida topically. Beclometasone, a steroid, worsens fungal growth. Aciclovir targets herpes, not fungi. Amphotericin is IV for systemic use. Nystatin binds ergosterol in candida membranes, most effective topically for skin infections, widely used for its specificity and safety.
Question 4 of 5
A client is to receive enteral nutrition. Which information should the nurse provide to the client and family?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Enteral nutrition involves delivering nutrients directly into the gastrointestinal tract, typically via a tube, and can be administered intermittently (e.g., bolus feedings) or continuously (e.g., via a pump), offering flexibility based on the client's needs and tolerance. This method contrasts with parenteral nutrition, which uses veins, making the venous administration statement inaccurate for enteral feeding. The purpose of enteral nutrition often includes supporting clients who cannot swallow adequately-due to conditions like dysphagia-ensuring they receive sufficient calories and nutrients to prevent malnutrition. However, enteral feedings are typically formula-based, not thinned pureed food, as specialized formulas provide balanced nutrition tailored to medical needs, unlike pureed diets which are less common in tube feeding. The intermittent or continuous delivery option is key education, as it addresses how the therapy adapts to lifestyle and clinical status, providing practical understanding for the client and family while clarifying enteral nutrition's gastrointestinal focus over intravenous methods.
Question 5 of 5
The client is receiving a brand name drug and wants to change to the generic form because it is cheaper. What is the best outcome for this client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Understanding two differences (e.g., cost, inactive ingredients) between brand and generic drugs empowers the client to make informed choices, the best outcome. Sticking to brand after physician talk assumes preference. Asking why brand is better misaligns-generics are equivalent. Cost reduction methods are practical but secondary to comprehension. Knowledge of differences supports the switch, aligning with cost-saving goals.