Benefits of tamoxifen citrate therapy include the following except:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Improved lipid profile. Tamoxifen citrate therapy does not have a direct effect on improving lipid profile. A: Reduction in recurrence rate of breast cancer - Tamoxifen is used to reduce the risk of breast cancer recurrence. B: Improved bone mass - Tamoxifen can help maintain or improve bone density. C: Suppression of menopausal hot flushes - Tamoxifen can help reduce menopausal symptoms like hot flushes. In summary, choices A, B, and C are benefits of tamoxifen therapy, while choice D is not supported by evidence.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Norepinephrine. The sympathetic postganglionic neurons release norepinephrine as the main neurotransmitter, which acts on target organs to elicit the fight-or-flight response. Norepinephrine is responsible for increasing heart rate, blood pressure, and dilating airways. Acetylcholine is released by preganglionic neurons in both sympathetic and parasympathetic systems, not postganglionic neurons in the sympathetic system. Option C is incorrect as acetylcholine is not typically released by postganglionic sympathetic neurons. Option D, arginine, is not a neurotransmitter commonly associated with the sympathetic nervous system.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Norepinephrine is a vasoconstrictor that increases blood pressure. In hypovolemic shock, there is insufficient blood volume, so vasoconstriction can worsen tissue perfusion. Neurogenic shock is characterized by vasodilation, so norepinephrine can help increase blood pressure. Choice C is incomplete and irrelevant. Norepinephrine is not used to treat diabetes.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because chemotherapy dosing is usually based on the total body weight of the patient. Weighing and measuring the height of the patient on the day of administration helps ensure accurate dosing calculations. A: Before administering chemotherapy the nurse should - This is a general statement and does not specifically address the need for accurate dosing based on body weight. B: Get the body mass index (BMI) - BMI alone may not provide accurate dosing information as it does not directly measure total body weight. C: Ask the client about intake and output - Intake and output monitoring is important for assessing fluid balance but does not directly relate to chemotherapy dosing based on body weight.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because the Principle of Atraumatic Care emphasizes minimizing pain and discomfort during medical procedures. This includes reducing any pain associated with drug administration. Choice B is incorrect as it refers to building a relationship with the family, not specifically related to pain reduction. Choice C is incorrect as restraining infants goes against the principle of atraumatic care. Choice D is incorrect as keeping the child apart from family members can increase anxiety and distress, contradicting the principle of atraumatic care. So, the correct answer is A because it aligns with the core principle of minimizing pain and trauma during care.