Before the preovulatory surge in luteinizing hormone, granulosa cells of the follicle secrete which of the following?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Estrogen. Before the preovulatory surge in luteinizing hormone, granulosa cells of the follicle primarily secrete estrogen. This hormone plays a crucial role in preparing the uterine lining for implantation and regulating the menstrual cycle. Estrogen also helps in the development of secondary sexual characteristics. Testosterone (Choice A) is mainly produced by the theca cells of the follicle. Progesterone (Choice B) is primarily secreted by the corpus luteum after ovulation. Inhibin (Choice D) is secreted by granulosa cells but primarily functions to inhibit follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion from the anterior pituitary gland.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Seminal vesicles. Seminal vesicles produce a thick, yellowish secretion that provides nutrients and activates sperm. This secretion, along with sperm from the testes, forms semen. Bulbourethral glands produce a clear, viscous fluid that lubricates the urethra during sexual arousal (not yellowish). The prostate gland secretes a milky fluid that neutralizes acidic vaginal secretions. The ejaculatory duct is a passageway for semen to travel from the vas deferens to the urethra and does not produce any secretions. Therefore, the seminal vesicles are the correct answer as they specifically produce the described yellowish secretion that nourishes and activates sperm.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Progesterone. The corpus luteum produces progesterone, which is essential for maintaining the uterine lining and supporting early pregnancy. Progesterone helps prevent contractions of the uterus and supports the development of the placenta. Estrogen (A) is important for the initial thickening of the uterine lining but does not play a direct role in maintaining pregnancy. Testosterone (B) is not involved in pregnancy maintenance. Relaxin (D) helps relax the uterine muscles but is not primarily responsible for maintaining pregnancy.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Development of breast tissue. This is not a secondary sex characteristic typical of males because breast development is a primary sex characteristic associated with females due to the presence of estrogen. In males, the secondary sex characteristics include deepening voice, increased growth of body hair, and enlargement of skeletal muscle mass due to the effects of testosterone. Breast tissue development in males, known as gynecomastia, is abnormal and can be caused by hormonal imbalances or certain medical conditions.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Progesterone. Progesterone is necessary for the growth of endometrial glands as it prepares the endometrium for implantation of the embryo. LH is responsible for ovulation, not endometrial gland growth. Testosterone is a male sex hormone and not directly involved in endometrial gland growth. Inhibin regulates FSH secretion, not endometrial gland growth.