ATI RN
Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Because cerebral malaria can be fatal in as little as 24 hours, in any child having suggestive symptoms and/or history of recent tropical travel, what confirmatory procedure should immediately be invoked?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Blood smears provide rapid diagnosis of malaria, critical for timely treatment.
Question 2 of 5
The 12-year-old son of diplomat parents presents with crampy abdominal pain, fever, migratory arthralgias, and hepatosplenomegaly. During the past 5 years, his family has lived in the Philippines, Kampuchea, Senegal, and Mali. Ultrasound examination of his abdomen shows periportal fibrosis consistent with schistosomiasis. His kidneys and bladder are normal. Which of the following schistosome species is UNLIKELY to be the cause of his illness?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: S. haematobium primarily affects the urinary tract, not causing periportal fibrosis seen with S. mansoni or S. japonicum.
Question 3 of 5
Pyelonephritis is a frequent cause of fever in young infants. All of the following infants have an increased risk of urinary tract infections EXCEPT
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Mediterranean ancestry is not a recognized risk factor for UTIs.
Question 4 of 5
The drug of choice for empirical treatment of indwelling line and prosthesis infections caused by coagulase-negative staphylococci is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Vancomycin is effective against coagulase-negative staphylococci, common in device infections.
Question 5 of 5
The recommended treatment of Mycoplasma pneumoniae illness is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Macrolides like erythromycin are effective against Mycoplasma pneumoniae.