Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Sugar meat pepton broth, sugar meat pepton agar. These nutrient media are optimal for Corynebacterium diphtheriae cultivation due to their ability to support the growth of this bacterium. Sugar meat pepton broth provides a liquid medium with essential nutrients, while sugar meat pepton agar provides a solid surface for bacterial growth and isolation. Incorrect choices: A: Diphtheriae does not require specific conditions for cultivation. C: Salt egg yolk agar is not commonly used for Corynebacterium diphtheriae. D: Endomedium and Ploskirev medium are not standard media for diphtheria testing.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because enriched growth media provide essential nutrients that support the growth of target bacteria groups without inhibiting the growth of other microorganisms. This allows for the selective cultivation of specific microbes while still allowing for the growth of other organisms present in the sample. Choice A is incorrect because enriched media do not belong to minimal media and do not inhibit the development of gram+ cocci. Choice C is incorrect because enriched media can support the growth of multiple microbial species. Choice D is incorrect because enriched media do not suppress the development of other microorganisms but rather provide nutrients to support their growth alongside the target bacteria groups.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Blockaders of protein synthesis because antibiotics in this group target bacterial ribosomes, preventing protein synthesis. This disrupts bacterial growth and replication. Choice B is incorrect as cell wall synthesis inhibitors target a different bacterial component. Choice C is incorrect as antibiotics do not alter bacterial cytoplasm. Choice D is incorrect as antibiotics do fall into different categories based on their mechanism of action.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Isoniazid inhibits pyridoxal phosphate synthesis, which is the active form of vitamin B6. Pyridoxal phosphate is essential for various enzymatic reactions, including neurotransmitter synthesis and myelin formation. Therefore, isoniazid-induced pyridoxal phosphate deficiency can lead to neurological symptoms like polyneuritis, paresthesia, memory disorders, and convulsions. A: Disruption of cell membrane synthesis - This is not the mechanism of isoniazid side-effects. B: Inhibition of protein synthesis - Isoniazid does not directly inhibit protein synthesis. C: Inhibition of RNA-synthesis - Isoniazid does not inhibit RNA synthesis; it affects vitamin B6 metabolism.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct serological test for diagnosing toxoplasmosis is the Complement Binding Assay (A) because it detects antibodies specific to the Toxoplasma gondii parasite. This test is highly sensitive and specific for toxoplasmosis. Choice B, Precipitation test, is not used for toxoplasmosis diagnosis but rather for other diseases like syphilis. Choice C, Neutralization test, is not specific for toxoplasmosis and is used for other types of infections. Choice D, Widal's test, is used for diagnosing typhoid fever and is not relevant for toxoplasmosis. In summary, the correct answer (A) is specific to toxoplasmosis, while the other choices are used for different diseases and are not suitable for diagnosing toxoplasmosis.