ATI RN
Nursing Care of Children ATI Questions
Question 1 of 9
At which age should the nurse expect an infant to begin smiling in response to pleasurable stimuli?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Infants typically begin to smile in response to pleasurable stimuli by 2 months, which is an early sign of social interaction and emotional development.
Question 2 of 9
The nurse is caring for a 1-month-old infant diagnosed with Hirschsprung's disease. Which treatment measure should be included in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Surgical removal of the affected section of bowel. Hirschsprung's disease is a congenital condition where a portion of the large intestine lacks nerve cells, leading to difficulties in passing stool. The definitive treatment for this condition is the surgical removal of the affected section of the bowel. Barium enema (Choice A) may be used for diagnosis but is not a treatment. A high-fiber diet (Choice C) is not effective in managing Hirschsprung's disease. A permanent colostomy (Choice D) is not the initial treatment for this condition in infants.
Question 3 of 9
At which age can most infants sit steadily unsupported?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Most infants can sit steadily without support by 8 months, indicating advanced gross motor skill development.
Question 4 of 9
A new parent, when asked by a nurse, explains that the 4-month-old infant has been nursing regularly every 3 to 4 hours and seems satisfied. However, the parent recently introduced solid food in the form of unbuttered popcorn to the infant as a supplement. What should be the primary nursing concern in this situation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The primary nursing concern in this situation is the risk for aspiration. Popcorn is a choking hazard for infants, as their airway is not fully developed to handle solid foods like popcorn. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the main focus should be on the immediate risk of aspiration due to the inappropriate solid food given to the infant, rather than on nutritional imbalances or readiness for enhanced nutrition.
Question 5 of 9
The nurse is caring for a child receiving chemotherapy with the following orders: Zantac 70 mg IV in normal saline 30 mL to infuse over 30 minutes. The nurse should set the infusion pump to deliver how many mL/hour?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 60 mL/hour. The total volume to be infused is 30 mL over 30 minutes. To calculate the infusion rate in mL/hour, divide the total volume by the total time in hours. In this case, 30 mL / 0.5 hours = 60 mL/hour. Choice B, 45 mL/hour, is incorrect as it does not correspond to the calculated infusion rate. Choices C and D, 30 mL/hour and 15 mL/hour respectively, are also incorrect based on the calculation.
Question 6 of 9
At what age is it safe to give infants whole milk instead of commercial infant formula?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Whole milk should not be introduced before 12 months because it lacks the necessary nutrients, such as iron, that infants need for proper growth and development.
Question 7 of 9
The nurse is performing an assessment on a 12-month-old infant. Which fine or gross motor developmental skill demonstrates the proximodistal acquisition of skills?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The development of a pincer grasp reflects fine motor skills, which develop in a proximodistal pattern (from the center of the body outward).
Question 8 of 9
The nurse is conducting discharge teaching to an adolescent with a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. What should the nurse include in the instructions?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Avoiding sharing of towels and washcloths, using bleach when laundering, and taking daily baths with antibacterial soap are critical to prevent the spread of MRSA. Cold water is not effective for laundering in these cases.
Question 9 of 9
The nurse is caring for a child with an order of Ampicillin 250 mg IV in 30 mL of Normal Saline to infuse over 30 minutes. How many mL/hour should the nurse set the pump?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct setting for the infusion pump should be 60 mL/hour to deliver 30 mL in 30 minutes. To calculate the infusion rate in mL/hour, divide the total volume to be infused (30 mL) by the total time for infusion (30 minutes) and then multiply by 60 to convert minutes to hours. Therefore, 30 mL / 30 minutes * 60 minutes/hour = 60 mL/hour. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not match the calculation based on the given parameters.