At what age does an infant start to recognize familiar faces and objects, such as a feeding bottle?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: At around 2 months of age, infants typically start to show signs of recognizing familiar faces and objects, such as a feeding bottle. At this stage, their vision and cognitive abilities have developed enough for them to begin differentiating and responding to familiar stimuli in their environment. This recognition is an important developmental milestone in an infant's early cognitive and social development.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: This is normal behavior for a school-age child. School-age children often assert their independence and control in various situations, such as medical procedures. It is common for children in this age group to express hesitation or resistance when faced with something uncomfortable or unfamiliar, like starting an IV line. The child's behavior of saying "Wait a minute" and "I'm not ready" is a typical response for a 10-year-old girl and does not necessarily indicate manipulation, punishment perception, or behavior typical of younger children. In this case, the nurse should acknowledge the child's feelings, provide reassurance, and offer explanations to help her feel more comfortable and in control of the situation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct intervention is option A) Discuss dietary restrictions. This is important because after inguinal hernia repair, the child may need to follow specific dietary guidelines to prevent constipation or straining, which can increase the risk of hernia recurrence or complications. Option B) Hold any analgesic medications until the child is home is incorrect because pain management is crucial post-operatively, and it is not advisable to delay pain relief. Option C) Send a pain scale home with the family is not as essential as discussing dietary restrictions in this situation. While pain assessment is important, providing clear instructions on diet takes precedence. Option D) Suggest the parents fill the prescriptions on the way home is not the most critical intervention at discharge. While it is important for the child to have access to prescribed medications, ensuring the family understands and can follow dietary restrictions is more immediate for the child's recovery. Educationally, this question highlights the significance of post-operative care and patient education in pediatric pharmacology. Nurses need to prioritize interventions based on the child's immediate needs and potential risks following a surgical procedure, emphasizing the importance of clear communication and patient-centered care in pediatric practice.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Weight loss in anorexia nervosa is commonly triggered by various factors, including traumatic interpersonal conflicts. These conflicts may involve strained relationships with family members, friends, or other individuals, contributing to emotional distress and disturbances in eating behaviors. Individuals with anorexia nervosa may engage in extreme restriction of food intake as a way to cope with and gain a sense of control over the challenging emotions arising from these conflicts. It is important to address and work through these underlying interpersonal issues through therapy and support in the treatment of anorexia nervosa.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Isotretinoin (Accutane) is a potent medication used for severe acne that has not responded to other treatments, such as topical medications or antibiotics. It is typically considered as a last resort due to its potential side effects and risks. Adolescents with resistant, severe acne who have not seen improvement with other therapies may be good candidates for isotretinoin treatment. It is important for the prescribing healthcare provider to carefully assess the severity of the acne and weigh the benefits against the potential risks before initiating isotretinoin therapy.