ATI RN
Physical Assessment Nursing Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Asymmetric BPs are seen in which of the following conditions?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Asymmetric blood pressures (BPs) refer to a significant difference in blood pressures between the two arms. This is commonly seen in conditions like congenital narrowing of the aorta, also known as coarctation of the aorta. In this condition, there is a localized narrowing of the aorta, leading to higher blood pressure in the upper extremities compared to the lower extremities. This results in a significant asymmetry in blood pressure readings between the arms. It is crucial to identify this sign as it can have important diagnostic and treatment implications.
Question 2 of 5
Francis is a middle-aged man who noted right-sided lower abdominal pain after straining with yard work. Which of the following would make a hernia more likely?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Inguinal hernias are common types of hernias that occur in the groin area. When a person strains, the hernia may become more noticeable as the abdominal contents push through a weak spot in the abdominal wall. The absence of symmetry of the inguinal areas with straining indicates that there is a hernia present, as the bulge or protrusion in the groin area becomes more prominent with straining. This makes a hernia more likely in this case. Therefore, option D is the correct choice in this scenario. The other options do not directly point to the presence of a hernia.
Question 3 of 5
Abby is a newly married woman who is unable to have intercourse because of vaginismus. Which of the following is true?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Option D, "Psychosocial reasons may cause this condition," is true. Vaginismus is a condition characterized by involuntary contractions of the muscles around the vaginal entrance, which can make sexual intercourse painful, difficult, or impossible. In many cases, this condition is linked with psychological factors such as anxiety, fear, past trauma, or relationship issues. These psychological factors can lead to the muscles tightening up in anticipation of pain or discomfort during intercourse, hence causing vaginismus. With appropriate psychological interventions like counseling, therapy, or relaxation techniques, individuals experiencing vaginismus can often overcome the condition and engage in pain-free intercourse.
Question 4 of 5
Her cardiac, lung, and abdominal examinations are normal. On visualization of her anus, no inflammation, masses, or fissures are noted. When she is asked to bear down, you see a rosette of red mucosa prolapsing from the anus. On digital rectal examination there are no masses and no blood is found on the glove. What disorder of the anus or rectum is this likely to be?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The findings described in the scenario point towards rectal prolapse. Rectal prolapse, also known as procidentia or rectal procidentia, is the full-thickness protrusion of the rectal wall through the anus. The characteristic presentation often includes the protrusion of a rosette of red mucosa from the anus when the patient bears down. This is consistent with the visual assessment mentioned in the scenario.
Question 5 of 5
You are assessing a patient with diffuse joint pains and want to make sure that only the joints are the problem, and that the pain is not related to other diseases. Which of the following is a systemic cause of joint pain?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lupus is a systemic autoimmune disease that can affect various organs and tissues throughout the body, including the joints. Joint pain in lupus is usually accompanied by other systemic symptoms such as fatigue, fever, skin rashes, and organ involvement. It is important to consider lupus as a potential cause of joint pain in a patient with diffuse joint symptoms to ensure proper management and treatment. Gout, osteoarthritis, and spondylosis are more localized conditions that primarily affect the joints without the systemic involvement typically seen in lupus.