ATI RN
ATI Hematologic System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Assuming that adherence has been excellent, which of the following should have returned to normal 6 weeks following appropriate oral iron treatment for a child with severe dietary iron deficiency (hemoglobin [Hgb] 5.0 g/dL and mean corpuscular volume [MCV] 48 fL at the beginning of therapy)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: 1. Hemoglobin (Hgb) reflects the oxygen-carrying capacity of red blood cells. 2. Severe dietary iron deficiency causes low Hgb levels. 3. Adequate iron treatment should lead to increased Hgb levels. 4. MCV and other parameters may take longer to normalize. Summary: B, C, and D are incorrect because MCV and red cell distribution width may take longer to normalize, and peripheral blood smear changes may persist even after Hgb has returned to normal.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for four clients. After reviewing today's laboratory results, which client would the nurse assess first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because a prothrombin time (PT) of 28 seconds indicates potential issues with blood clotting and can be a sign of bleeding disorders or liver dysfunction, requiring immediate assessment and intervention to prevent complications. Choice A (INR of 2.8) is within the therapeutic range for clients on anticoagulant therapy, so it's not an immediate concern. Choice B (platelet count of 128,000/mm3) is low but not critically low, so it doesn't require immediate assessment. Choice D (red blood cell count of 5.1 million/mcl) is within the normal range and doesn't indicate urgent issues. In summary, the nurse should assess the client with a PT of 28 seconds first due to the potential risk of bleeding or clotting disorders, while the other choices are not as urgent.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse works in a gerontology clinic. What age-related change(s) related to the hematologic system will the nurse expect during health assessment? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: Correct Answer (C): Progressive loss or thinning of hair is an age-related change in the hematologic system due to decreased blood flow to hair follicles. This is commonly observed in the elderly population. Incorrect Choices: A: Dentition deteriorates with more cavities is related to dental health, not the hematologic system. B: Nails being strong and smooth are related to nail health, not the hematologic system. D: Sclerae turning yellow or pale is a sign of jaundice, which is related to liver function, not the hematologic system.
Question 4 of 5
A patient is presented with weakness of legs, arms, trunk, tingling and numbness that progressively worsens. Peripheral blood smear shows macrocytic anemia. Which of the following is not the factor causing this condition?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Tapeworm infestation. The symptoms described suggest vitamin B12 deficiency, which can lead to macrocytic anemia. Chronic atrophic gastritis can cause decreased intrinsic factor production, leading to impaired B12 absorption. Ileal resection can also affect B12 absorption as it is the site where B12 is absorbed. Alcoholism can lead to poor dietary intake and impaired B12 absorption. However, tapeworm infestation does not directly affect B12 absorption and would not be a likely cause of the described symptoms.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following will be present in chronic bacterial infection?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Monocytosis. In chronic bacterial infections, there is a prolonged immune response leading to an increased production of monocytes to help combat the infection. Neutrophilia (choice A) is more characteristic of acute bacterial infections. Basophilia (choice B) is associated with allergic reactions or certain blood disorders, not typically seen in bacterial infections. Lymphocytosis (choice C) is more common in viral infections or certain immune responses, not specific to chronic bacterial infections.