ATI RN
Maternity and Pediatric Nursing 4th Edition Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
Assume you are going to estimate the prevalence of amoebic dysentery in a small country which harbors a total number of population of 530,000; you find that 57,000 of the population are infected by the disease. The prevalence of this disease is closest to
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Prevalence = (Number of infected / Total population) * 100 = (57,000 / 530,000) * 100 ≈ 10.75%.
Question 2 of 5
A child is to receive a blood transfusion, if an allergic reaction to the blood occurs, the nurse's first intervention should be:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In the scenario of a child experiencing an allergic reaction during a blood transfusion, the nurse's first intervention should always be to stop the blood immediately. This is crucial to prevent further complications and adverse reactions in the child. Pausing the transfusion allows for assessment of the allergic reaction's severity, immediate treatment initiation, and alerting the healthcare team for further management. Relieving symptoms with antihistamines or slowing the flow rate would not address the primary concern of stopping the allergen from entering the child's system. Therefore, stopping the blood immediately is the most appropriate and urgent action to take in this situation.
Question 3 of 5
A client with hyperglycemia, which assessment finding best supports a nursing diagnosis of Deficient fluid volume?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Increased urine osmolarity would best support the nursing diagnosis of Deficient fluid volume in a client with hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia can lead to osmotic diuresis, where the body excretes excessive amounts of water to help eliminate glucose. This results in concentrated urine with a higher osmolarity. A high urine osmolarity indicates that the kidneys are conserving water due to decreased fluid volume in the body, supporting the diagnosis of Deficient fluid volume. The other assessment findings (cool, clammy skin, distended neck veins, serum sodium level) are not specific to the diagnosis of Deficient fluid volume in this context.
Question 4 of 5
A mother brings her children into the clinic and they are diagnosed with chickenpox. The mother had chickenpox as a child and is not concerned with contracting the disease when caring for her children. what type of immunity does this mother have?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The mother in this scenario had chickenpox as a child, which means she was exposed to the virus and developed immunity through her own immune response. This type of immunity acquired as a result of natural exposure to an infectious agent is called active natural immunity. In this case, the mother's immune system "learned" how to recognize and fight off the chickenpox virus when she was previously infected, leading to the development of memory cells that provide long-lasting protection against future infections.
Question 5 of 5
The pediatric nurse advises a parent how to best convey the circumstances surrounding the sudden death of an 18-month-old patient to a four-year-old sibling. The nurse anticipates that the sibling:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Young children often struggle with understanding death and may internalize feelings of guilt, believing they had a role in the event.