Assume you are evaluating the specificity of the i

Question 1 of 5

Assume you are evaluating the specificity of the indirect fluorescence antibody test for rapid diagnosis of Campylobacter enteritis. The number of normal persons tested is 150 and the test is positive in 30 persons. The specificity of this test is

A. 20% B. 40% C. 60% D. 80%

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Specificity = (True negatives / Total normals) * 100 = [(150 - 30) / 150] * 100 = 80%.

Question 2 of 5

During the physical assessment, the nurse recalls that the areas most frequently affected by multiple sclerosis are the:

A. Lateral, 3rd and 4th ventricles B. Pons medulla and cerebral peduncles C. Optic nerve and chiasm D. Above areas

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease that primarily affects the central nervous system (CNS) by causing inflammation, damage, and scarring in the myelin sheath that covers nerve fibers. The optic nerve and chiasm are common areas affected by MS, leading to symptoms such as blurred or double vision, loss of color vision, and pain with eye movement. This involvement is known as optic neuritis, a common early symptom of MS. While MS can affect various parts of the CNS, the optic nerve and chiasm are among the most frequently involved areas, making choice C the correct answer in this case.

Question 3 of 5

A 10-month-old child can do all the following EXCEPT

A. says mama or dada B. follows one-step command without gesture C. points to objects or real first word D. speaks inhibition word 'no'

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Speaking inhibition words like 'no' typically occurs later.

Question 4 of 5

When a patient participates in a research study, the pediatric nurse's primary concern is to ensure that the:

A. parent or guardian has given verbal consent for the patient's participation. B. quality of care that the patient receives will not be affected if the patient chooses to withdraw from the study. C. research meets the developmental needs of the patient. D. research will directly benefit the patient.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Ensuring that the quality of care remains unaffected regardless of the patient's participation status is paramount to ethical research practices.

Question 5 of 5

What is an important consideration for the nurse who is communicating with a very young child?

A. Speak loudly, clearly, and directly. B. Use transition objects, such as a doll. C. Disguise own feelings, attitudes, and anxiety. D. Initiate contact with child when parent is not present.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: When communicating with a very young child, using transition objects, such as a doll, can help create a sense of familiarity, comfort, and security. These objects can serve as a bridge for the child to express themselves and can also provide a point of reference for the nurse to better understand the child's perspective. Additionally, transition objects can help the child feel more at ease during interactions with healthcare providers, making the communication process smoother and more effective.