ATI RN
Respiratory System NCLEX Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
As the nurse responsible for this client's care, you anticipate which physician's orders?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is A) Endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation. This intervention is crucial in managing a client experiencing severe respiratory distress or failure, as it ensures adequate oxygenation and ventilation. Endotracheal intubation secures the airway, while mechanical ventilation supports respiratory function. Option B) Immediate application of CPAP to the client's nose and mouth is incorrect because CPAP is not as invasive or definitive as intubation and mechanical ventilation. It may not provide sufficient support for a client in respiratory failure. Option C) Administering intravenous furosemide (Lasix) is incorrect because it is a diuretic medication used to treat fluid overload, not respiratory distress or failure. Option D) Calling a CODE for respiratory arrest is incorrect as it is a response to a critical situation where immediate resuscitation is required, not an anticipatory measure in managing respiratory distress. In an educational context, understanding the appropriate interventions for respiratory distress is crucial for nurses, especially when preparing for exams like the NCLEX. Recognizing the signs of respiratory failure and knowing the appropriate interventions can be life-saving in clinical practice. Intubation and mechanical ventilation are fundamental skills that nurses should be familiar with to provide safe and effective care to clients with respiratory compromise.
Question 2 of 5
In planning care for the patient with bronchiectasis, which nursing intervention should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In caring for a patient with bronchiectasis, the nurse should include the nursing intervention of promoting drainage and removal of mucus (Option D). This is crucial because in bronchiectasis, there is abnormal widening of the bronchi leading to mucus buildup and impaired clearance, which can result in recurrent infections and respiratory compromise. By promoting mucus clearance through techniques like chest physiotherapy, postural drainage, and effective coughing, the nurse helps prevent complications and improve the patient's respiratory function. Option A, relieving or reducing pain, is not the priority intervention for bronchiectasis. While pain management may be necessary for discomfort, addressing mucus clearance is more critical for this condition. Option B, preventing paroxysmal coughing, is not as essential as promoting mucus drainage, as coughing is a mechanism to clear the airways. Option C, preventing the spread of the disease to others, is important in infectious conditions but is not directly related to managing the symptoms and complications of bronchiectasis in an individual patient. Educationally, understanding the pathophysiology of bronchiectasis and the rationale behind interventions is vital for nurses to provide effective care. By prioritizing interventions based on the condition's needs, nurses can optimize patient outcomes and promote respiratory health. Mastery of such concepts is crucial for nursing practice, especially when caring for patients with chronic respiratory conditions.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse obtains the health history of a client who is recently diagnosed with lung cancer and identifies that the client has a 60 pack-year smoking history. Which action is most important for the nurse to take when interviewing this client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: C is correct as maintaining a nonjudgmental attitude is crucial to establish trust and rapport with the client. It helps the client feel comfortable sharing information, leading to better assessment and care. A is incorrect as quitting smoking may not be the immediate priority. B is incorrect as honesty about marijuana use is not the primary concern. D is incorrect as it does not address the importance of establishing a therapeutic relationship.
Question 4 of 5
Partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the inspired and expired air respectively
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The partial pressure of carbon dioxide in inspired air is around 0.3 mm Hg as it is very low in atmospheric air. During expiration, the partial pressure of carbon dioxide increases to around 40 mm Hg due to its exchange in the lungs. This makes option A the correct answer. Option B is incorrect because the partial pressure of CO2 in expired air is not 32 mm Hg. Option C is incorrect as 40 mm Hg is the partial pressure in expired air, not inspired air. Option D is incorrect because 0.3 mm Hg is the partial pressure in inspired air, not expired air.
Question 5 of 5
2,3 DPG is synthesized from 3- phosphoglyceraldehyde through
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Embden Meyerhof pathway. In this pathway, 2,3 DPG is synthesized from 3-phosphoglyceraldehyde through a series of enzymatic reactions involving intermediates like 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate. This process occurs in the glycolysis pathway, specifically in the conversion of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate by the enzyme phosphoglycerate kinase. The other choices, B: Krebs Hensleit cycle, C: Hexose monophosphate shunt, and D: Cori cycle, are not involved in the direct synthesis of 2,3 DPG from 3-phosphoglyceraldehyde. Krebs Hensleit cycle is the citric acid cycle, Hexose monophosphate shunt is the pentose phosphate pathway, and Cori cycle is the process of lactate recycling in the liver.