ATI RN
Essential of Pediatric Nursing Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
As part of primary cancer prevention program, an oncology nurse answers questions from the public at health fair. When someone asks about the laryngeal cancer, the nurse should explain that:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Laryngeal cancer is indeed one of the most preventable types of cancer. The primary risk factors for laryngeal cancer include tobacco use (particularly smoking) and excessive alcohol consumption. Therefore, avoiding tobacco products, moderating alcohol intake, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle can significantly reduce the risk of developing laryngeal cancer. Additionally, early detection through regular check-ups and screenings can help in detecting any precancerous or cancerous changes in the larynx, leading to better treatment outcomes and prognosis.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following is most likely associated with a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) resulting from congenital heart disease?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Polycythemia, which is an abnormally elevated level of red blood cells in the blood, is commonly associated with congenital heart disease. In cases where there is a congenital heart defect that causes reduced oxygen levels in the blood, the body compensates by producing more red blood cells to try to improve oxygen delivery. This increased red blood cell production can lead to polycythemia. In turn, polycythemia can increase the risk of thrombosis, which is a known risk factor for cerebrovascular accidents (CVAs) or strokes. Therefore, polycythemia is most likely associated with a CVA resulting from congenital heart disease.
Question 3 of 5
Although infants may be allergic to a variety of foods, the most common allergens are:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The most common allergens in infants are eggs, cow's milk, and wheat. These three items are among the top allergens that can trigger allergic reactions in infants. It is important for parents to be aware of these common allergens to help prevent potential allergic reactions in their infants.
Question 4 of 5
which of the following is a characteristic in a child with acute lymphocytic leukemia?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Children with acute lymphocytic leukemia commonly present with a combination of symptoms which can include fatigability, persistent fever of unknown cause, and a tendency to bruise easily. Fatigue is a common complaint in children with leukemia due to anemia caused by decreased production of healthy red blood cells. Persistent fevers can be a sign of infection, anemia, or other complications related to leukemia. Additionally, children with leukemia may have a low platelet count, leading to easy bruising or bleeding tendencies. Therefore, all of the characteristics mentioned in the options are correct for a child with acute lymphocytic leukemia.
Question 5 of 5
Which clinical manifestation should the nurse expect to see as shock progresses in a child and becomes decompensated shock? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cool extremities and decreased skin turgor (C) are indications of poor perfusion as shock progresses. The body is shunting blood away from the peripheries to maintain perfusion to vital organs.