As cells produce and use more ATP

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Adrenal glands, atop kidneys, secrete cortisol, aldosterone, epinephrine stress and electrolyte roles. Hypothalamus is brain-based, regulatory. Pancreas is abdominal, metabolic. Thyroid is neck-located, metabolic. Adrenals' suprarenal position distinguishes them, key to adrenal-renal function, unlike brain, gut, or neck glands.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Oxytocin stimulates uterine contractions (labor) and milk ejection (nursing) via myoepithelial cells dual reproductive role. ADH manages water, not reproduction. Glucagon raises glucose, unrelated. Prolactin drives milk production, not release. Oxytocin's contractile action distinguishes it, key to birth and lactation, unlike water, glucose, or synthesis hormones.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: GH underproduction in childhood causes pituitary dwarfism short stature from poor bone growth pre-closure. Myxedema is adult hypothyroidism low metabolism. Gigantism is GH excess tallness. Acromegaly is adult excess thickening. Dwarfism's growth deficit distinguishes it, key to GH's developmental role, unlike thyroid or excess conditions.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Adrenal glands secrete cortisol (cortex, stress) and aldosterone (cortex, sodium) dual zones (fasciculata, glomerulosa). Thyroid produces T3/T4, calcitonin metabolism/calcium. Parathyroid releases PTH calcium only. Pancreas makes insulin/glucagon glucose. Adrenal's steroid output distinguishes it, key to stress and electrolyte balance, unlike metabolic or calcium glands.